The Abundance and Distribution of the Whistler Bombycilla garrulus (L.) in Northern Eurasia

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Abstract

The article presents the results of research on the number and distribution of the Bohemian waxwing in the territory of Northern Eurasia within the borders of the Soviet Union in 1990. The work uses materials collected in the period from 1880 to 2022 (intermittently and mainly since 1960) in the first half of summer (during nesting), in winter, and partially throughout the year. The Bohemian waxwing abundance was estimated on the basis of the results of bird counts on routes with a length of about 300 000 km.

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About the authors

Yu. S. Ravkin

Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: yravkin@bk.ru
Russian Federation, Novosibirsk

I. P. Kokorina

Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: yravkin@bk.ru
Russian Federation, Novosibirsk

I. N. Bogomolova

Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: yravkin@bk.ru
Russian Federation, Novosibirsk

M. I. Lyalina

Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: yravkin@bk.ru
Russian Federation, Novosibirsk

References

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2. Fig. 1. Summer distribution of the pipefish across the physico-geographical countries of Northern Eurasia (generalized representations). The 1st district includes the territories of the polar islands, Arctic and northern subarctic tundra; 2-9 – the middle regions, 2-8 – without territories included in the 1st district; 10, 11 – southern; 11 – the Carpathians, Crimea, the Caucasus, Central, Anterior and Central Asia. In Fig. 1, 2, 5, 6, the index for the number of the district (region) shows the average abundance (individuals / km2); the arrows indicate the direction of the decrease in abundance, the number on the arrow itself indicates the multiplicity of its decrease.

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3. Fig. 2. Summer distribution of the pipefish by regions (groups of physico-geographical countries of Northern Eurasia). The 1st region includes polar deserts, Arctic and northern subarctic tundra; 2-5 regions – without territories included in the first region: 2 – Fennoscandia; 3 – East European and West Siberian plains, Urals, Central Siberia; 4 – Northeastern Siberia, Baikal and Transbaikalia, Altai, Sayans; 5 – North Pacific country; 6 – Carpathians, Crimea, Caucasus, Middle, Front and Central Asia.

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4. Fig. 3. Zoning of Northern Eurasia according to the summer abundance of pipefish.

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5. Fig. 4. The zonal distribution of the pipefish in winter.

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6. Fig. 5. Winter distribution of the pipefish across the physico-geographical countries of Northern Eurasia. The 1st district includes polar deserts, Arctic tundra, forest tundra; 2-7 districts – without territories included in the first district; 2-8 – middle, 9-13 – southern; 13 – not surveyed.

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7. Fig. 6. Winter distribution of the pipefish by regions (groups of physico-geographical countries of Northern Eurasia). The 1st region includes polar deserts, Arctic tundra and forest tundra; 2-4 regions – without territories included in the first region: 2 – East European Plain, Fennoscandia, Carpathians, Crimea, Urals, Altai, Sayans; 3 – West Siberian Plain; 4 – Middle and Northeastern Siberia, Baikal region, Transbaikalia, North Pacific country; 5 – Caucasus, Kazakhstan, Middle, Front and Central Asia. Central Siberia, Dauria and the Amur-Sakhalin country have not been surveyed.

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8. Fig. 7. Zoning (division into regions) Northern Eurasia according to the winter abundance of the pipit.

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