Interaction of a powerful hydrogen plasma flow with a supersonic gas jet and a tungsten target

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The results of a study of the interaction of a powerful flow of hydrogen plasma with a supersonic gas jet in front of a tungsten target are presented. Nitrogen or neon injected in front of the target surface provides a reliable method of shielding tungsten from direct exposure to hydrogen plasma. It has been experimentally shown that the resulting plasma of the gas jet is a powerful source of short-wave line radiation. Energy density absorbed by a tungsten target ≈25 J/cm2 is half the energy absorbed by tungsten during pulsed action of a hydrogen plasma flow without a gas jet ≈50 J/cm2. The maximum temperature achieved by the tungsten surface is ≈3700 K with the use of a gas jet and ≈5800 K without a gas jet. The presence of a gas jetscreen in front of the tungsten leads to the localization of evaporated tungsten near the target at distances of up to 1 cm from the surface.

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Sobre autores

S. Lidzhigoriaev

State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Troitsk Institute for Innovation and Thermonuclear Research; National Research University Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: sandji@triniti.ru
Rússia, Troitsk, Moscow, 108840; Moscow, 141701

D. Burmistrov

State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Troitsk Institute for Innovation and Thermonuclear Research; National Research University Moscow Power Engineering Institute

Email: sandji@triniti.ru
Rússia, Troitsk, Moscow, 108840; Moscow, 111250

V. Gavrilov

State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Troitsk Institute for Innovation and Thermonuclear Research

Email: vvgavril@triniti.ru
Rússia, Troitsk, Moscow, 108840

V. Kostyushin

State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Troitsk Institute for Innovation and Thermonuclear Research

Email: sandji@triniti.ru
Rússia, Troitsk, Moscow, 108840

I. Poznyak

State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Troitsk Institute for Innovation and Thermonuclear Research; National Research University Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

Email: sandji@triniti.ru
Rússia, Troitsk, Moscow, 108840; Moscow, 141701

A. Pushina

State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Troitsk Institute for Innovation and Thermonuclear Research; National Research University Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

Email: sandji@triniti.ru
Rússia, Troitsk, Moscow, 108840; Moscow, 141701

D. Toporkov

State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Troitsk Institute for Innovation and Thermonuclear Research; National Research University Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

Email: toporkov@triniti.ru
Rússia, Troitsk, Moscow, 108840; Moscow, 141701

Bibliografia

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  3. Kostyushin V.A., Poznyak I.M., Toporkov D.A., Burmistrov D.A., Zhuravlev K.V., Lidzhigoryaev S. D., Usmanov R.R., Tsybenko V. Yu., Nemchinov V.S. // Instruments Experimental Techniques. 2023. V. 66. P. 920.
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2. Fig. 1. Scheme of experiments on the MK-200 installation: 1 – pulsed plasma accelerator, 2 – magnetic field coils, 3 – magnetic probes, 4 – Helmholtz coils, 5 – tungsten target, 6 – plasma flow, 7 – pulsed gas valve, 8 – gas jet, 9 – target plasma.

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3. Fig. 2. Scheme of plasma radiation registration using a radiation foil bolometer.

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4. Fig. 3. Pyrometer diagram: 1 – diaphragm, 2 – beam splitter plates, 3 – light filters, 4 – photodiodes, 5 – photodiode signal amplifiers.

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5. Fig. 4. Schematic diagram of the relative positions of the plasma flow, gas curtain, tungsten target and diagnostic equipment: side view (a), top view (b): 1 – plasma flow, 2 – solenoids, 3 – magnetic probes, 4 – tungsten target, 5 – gas valve, 6 – gas curtain, 7 – target plasma, 8 – system of pipes, 9 – lens, 10 – pyrometer, 11 – MCP camera/spectrograph, 12 – bolometer.

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6. Fig. 5. Dynamics of interaction of hydrogen plasma flow with nitrogen gas jet and tungsten target. t = 0 – moment of high voltage supply to accelerator electrodes.

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7. Fig. 6. Radiation spectrum of the target plasma using a nitrogen gas curtain. Frame start time is 18 μs from the accelerator start. Frame exposure is 2 μs. The distances from the target surface for which the spectra were scanned are indicated.

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8. Fig. 7. Dynamics of interaction of hydrogen plasma flow with neon gas curtain and tungsten target. t = 0 – moment of high voltage supply to accelerator electrodes.

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9. Fig. 8. Radiation spectrum of the target plasma using a neon gas curtain. Frame start time is 18 μs from the accelerator start. Frame exposure is 2 μs. The distances from the target surface for which the spectra were scanned are indicated.

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10. Fig. 9. Dynamics of interaction of hydrogen plasma flow with tungsten target without gas curtain. t = 0 – moment of high voltage supply to accelerator electrodes.

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11. Fig. 10. The emission spectrum of the target tungsten plasma without using a gas curtain. The frame start time is 18 μs from the start of the accelerator. The frame exposure is 2 μs. The spectrum scanning was performed for a distance of 20 mm from the target surface.

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12. Fig. 11. Dynamics of the surface temperature of the irradiated target. t = 0 – the moment of applying high voltage to the accelerator electrodes.

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13. Fig. 12. Dynamics of the total energy (a) and power (b) of radiation of nitrogen plasma 1, neon plasma 2 under the action of a hydrogen plasma flow on a tungsten target with a gas curtain and tungsten plasma in the absence of a curtain (3). t = 0 is the moment of applying high voltage to the accelerator electrodes.

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14. Fig. 13. Distribution of the density of energy absorbed by the target in the experiments: nitrogen curtain (a); neon curtain (b); without gas curtain (c).

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Declaração de direitos autorais © Russian Academy of Sciences, 2024