For the first time, a summary of long-term production experience in the cultivation of bamboo in the Crimea and the Caucasus was carried out. Based on the study of the biology and ecology of bamboo, recommendations were given on their use in gardening in southern Russia and, above all, on the Southern Coast of Crimea and on the Caucasian Riviera. Winter hardiness of bamboos largely depends on soil and microclimatic conditions. Improper planting care can also lead to a decrease in the frost resistance of individuals. The best for the culture of bamboo are flat areas along the banks of rivers and streams. It is recommended to lay windbreaks on windy places. In areas with a pronounced hilly terrain, eastern and northern slopes of steepness up to 15-20° can be considered favorable for bamboos, as well as beams and damp ravines where there is no stagnation of cold air. Bamboos grow and develop best on rich and well-drained loamy soils with a neutral environment. On alkaline and very acidic soils, as well as marshy (with stagnant moisture) and stony patches, bamboo grows poorly. Soil types formed on the alluvium of river sediments as well as on the deluvium of the soil and hill sections can be considered the best for bamboos. By the nature of flowering and fruiting, bamboos are divided into 3 groups: 1 - monocarpic (species of the genera Bambusa , Dendrocalamus , Thamnocalamus , etc.); 2 - polycarpic (species of the genera Sasa , Pseudosasa , etc.); 3 - transitional between them (species of the genera Phyllostachys , Semiarundinaria ). Bamboos are propagated by seeds and separation of rhizomes. Recommendations are given on the creation, maintenance, cultivation and protection of bamboos against pests and fungal diseases on the Southern Coast of Crimea and on the Caucasian Riviera.