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  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Bulletin of Nizhnevartovsk State University</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Bulletin of Nizhnevartovsk State University</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Вестник Нижневартовского государственного университета</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2311-1402</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2686-8784</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">6a9c162632807fdbab871e31</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36906/2311-4444/26-3/03</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Всеобщая история</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>General History</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Всеобщая история</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">THE INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF THE HEZBOLLAH MOVEMENT  IN THE LEBANESE POLITICAL SYSTEM: ADAPTATION MECHANISMS  AND EVOLUTION OF GUIDELINES (1982–2016)</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛИЗАЦИЯ ДВИЖЕНИЯ «ХЕЗБОЛЛА» В ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ СИСТЕМЕ ЛИВАНА: МЕХАНИЗМЫ АДАПТАЦИИ  И ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ ОРИЕНТИРОВ (1982–2016 гг.)</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5956-7449</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Родецкий</surname>
       <given-names>Илья Александрович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Rodeckiy</surname>
       <given-names>Il'ya A.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>ilya.rodetsky@gmail.com</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Российский государственный гуманитарный университет</institution>
     <city xml:lang="ru">Москва</city>
     <country country="RU" xml:lang="ru">Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Russian State University for the Humanities</institution>
     <city xml:lang="en">Moscow</city>
     <country country="RU" xml:lang="en">Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-09-25T10:17:29+03:00">
    <day>25</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-09-25T10:17:29+03:00">
    <day>25</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <issue>3</issue>
   <fpage>34</fpage>
   <lpage>48</lpage>
   <permissions>
    <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 2026 Родецкий И.А.</copyright-statement>
    <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 2026 Rodeckiy I.A.</copyright-statement>
    <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
    <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Родецкий Илья Александрович</copyright-holder>
    <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rodeckiy Il'ya A.</copyright-holder>
    <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="ru">
     <license-p>Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
    </license>
    <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
     <license-p>This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
    </license>
   </permissions>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.nvsu.ru/en/nauka/publications/6a9c162632807fdbab871e31/view">https://vestnik.nvsu.ru/en/nauka/publications/6a9c162632807fdbab871e31/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Статья посвящена исторической реконструкции процесса трансформации Хезболлы – одного из крупнейших и наиболее активных исламистских движений Леванта – от маргинализированного военного ополчения к системной политической партии. Целью статьи является анализ динамики развития движения и выявление механизмов адаптации Хезболлы к политической системе Ливана в 1982–2016 гг. Методология исследования основывается на принципах историзма и применении историко-генетического и сравнительно-исторического методов. Основа источниковой базы представлена программными документами Хезболлы 1985 г. и 2009 г. В результате исследования процессов и анализа программных документов автор приходит к выводу, что интеграция движения в институциональное поле Ливана привела к принятию Хезболлой реалий системы конфессионализма и трансформации идеологии в сторону прагматизма и национализма. На основании программных документов автор доказывает качественное изменение идеологии Хезболлы: религиозно-ориентированный манифест 1985 г., провозглашавший целью исламское государство и свержение системы конфессионализма, сменился программой 2009 г., принимающей политическую данность и оперирующей терминами гражданства, нации, национальных интересов и консенсусной демократии. В практическом плане трансформация Хезболлы привела к переходу от декларативного отказа движения от взаимодействия с ливанской политической системой к разделению военного и политического крыльев, прямому включению последнего в нее, участию в парламентских выборах и организации политических коалиций. Ввиду того, что Хезболла не отказалась от исламских (религиозных) и исламистских (идеологических) элементов, а трансформировала их в инструменты поддержания исламского облика и легитимации собственного статуса, автором выдвигается тезис о гибридном характере организации, сохранившей внешне исламистский характер при фактическом политическом прагматизме.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>The article provides a historical reconstruction of the transformation of Hezbollah – a major Shia Islamist actor in the Levant – tracing its evolution from a marginalized militant group into a systemic political party. The study analyzes the movement’s dynamics and identifies the mechanisms of its adaptation to the Lebanese political system between 1982 and 2016. Methodologically, the research relies on historicism, as well as historical-genetic and comparative-historical approaches, utilizing Hezbollah’s key policy documents from 1985 and 2009 as primary sources.The author argues that Hezbollah’s integration into the Lebanese political arena led to its de facto acceptance of the confessional system, driving an ideological shift toward political pragmatism and nationalism. This institutionalization was facilitated by the movement’s capacity for strategic adaptation within the existing political landscape. Based on a comparative analysis of its manifestos, the author demonstrates a profound evolution in Hezbollah’s doctrine. The religiously oriented 1985 Open Letter, which called for the establishment of an Islamic state and the overthrow of the confessional order, was superseded by the 2009 Political Document. The latter acknowledges Lebanon’s political realities, embracing concepts such as citizenship, nationhood, national interest, and consociational democracy.In practical terms, this transformation prompted Hezbollah to abandon its rejection of the state, separate its military and political wings, and directly integrate the latter into the constitutional process through parliamentary elections and tactical alliances. Concurrently, because Hezbollah did not abandon its religious (Islamic) and ideological (Islamist) foundations, but rather repurposed them to maintain its Islamic identity and legitimize its status, the author advances the thesis of the organization’s hybrid nature. The movement retains an outwardly Islamist character while being effectively guided by political pragmatism.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>политическая система</kwd>
    <kwd>институционализация</kwd>
    <kwd>механизмы адаптации</kwd>
    <kwd>Хезболла</kwd>
    <kwd>Ливан</kwd>
    <kwd>Левант</kwd>
    <kwd>Ближний Восток</kwd>
    <kwd>ливанский конфессионализм</kwd>
    <kwd>исламистские движения</kwd>
    <kwd>шиизм</kwd>
    <kwd>гибридные организации</kwd>
    <kwd>Таифские соглашения</kwd>
    <kwd>система конфессионализма</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>political system</kwd>
    <kwd>institutionalization</kwd>
    <kwd>adaptation mechanisms</kwd>
    <kwd>Hezbollah</kwd>
    <kwd>Lebanon</kwd>
    <kwd>Levant</kwd>
    <kwd>Middle East</kwd>
    <kwd>Lebanese confessionalism</kwd>
    <kwd>Islamist movements</kwd>
    <kwd>Shia Islam</kwd>
    <kwd>hybrid organizations</kwd>
    <kwd>Taif Accords</kwd>
    <kwd>confessionalism system</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
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