The vegetation of the Bashkiria National Park is one of the basic components for studying the flora and vegetation of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Accounting and protection of such plant biodiversity is important for their conservation and study. Based on the results of geobotanical surveys in the Bashkiria National Park in the spring-summer period of 2020, 270 species of medicinal plants belonging to 61 families were identified, of which the majority in terms of the number of species are represented by the families Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Rosaceae, Ranunculaceae, Fabaceae and Apiaceae. Despite the fact that in geomorphological terms the national park is included in the region of low-mountainous relief of the eastern region of the mountains of the Southern Urals, medicinal plants belonging to meadow and forest coenotic groups prevail in the Bashkiria National Park. The presence of previously discovered species such as Rhodiola iremelica Boriss – Rhodiola Iremel, Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench – Sandy cumin, Cypripedium guttatum Sw. – spotted lady’s slipper, included in the Red Book of Bashkiria. In addition, Stipa pennata L. was found – feather grass included in both the Red Book of Bashkiria and the Red Book of Russia.