Health status and some indices of the day mode of preschool children as predictors of readiness for school learning

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Abstract

Introduction. Low health potential and irrationally organized daily routine of preschool children can be predictors in the structure of causes of violations of cognitive development and behavior of the child.

Material and methods. An analysis of the health status of children aged 6 to 7 years old divided by age into three groups: 6-6.5, 6.5-7, and 7-7.5 years. Some indices of the preschool children’s daily routine, including sleeping and walking, were evaluated from the data taken from a questionnaire of parents and teachers.

Results. Analysis of the health groups of children aged 6 to 7.5 years old revealed the predominance of group II (48.46%). The number of children who fit into the first health group decreases from 6 to 7.5 years of age. The abnormalities in the musculoskeletal system of the body and ENT diseases, most chronic diseases, prove to be dominated conditions. Boys under seven years of age are significantly more likely to have functional mental disorders and ENT diseases. In general, according to the availability of daytime sleep, the mode of stay of preschoolers differs by 80.0% sleep during the day in kindergarten; 36.3% sleep at home. The length of night sleep in 77.7% of children does not meet the age norms. During the day outside of a preschool educational institution, the outdoor walks are noted in 76.1% of six to seven-and-a-half-year children. The duration of the walk, only in 24.1%, corresponds to the norm. The survey results did not reveal significant differences in the availability of daytime and nighttime sleep in children, depending on age. The number of children who have outdoor walks in their routine daily increases from 6 to 7.5 years of age. The duration of walks is dominated by boys in older age groups.

Conclusion. Children’s health potential and daily routine have their own characteristics during the preschool period, which can be considered a risk of developing maladaptation in upcoming systematic training at school.

About the authors

Galina A. Sugrobova

Institute of Developmental Physiology, RAE; Penza State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5179-2234

MD, Ph.D., associate professor, Penza State University, Penza, 440026, Russian Federation.

e-mail: sugrobovaga@mail.ru

Russian Federation

Yuliia N. Komkova

Institute of Developmental Physiology, RAE

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9460-7262
Russian Federation

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