Prevention of alimentary-dependent diseases using physiotherapy technologies in aviation engineering workers

Introduction. Unfavourable working conditions combined with an unbalanced diet are risk factors for the formation of metabolic disorders and nutritional-dependent diseases. The nutrition factor is of great importance in maintaining the health of industrial workers. A promising direction in the prevention of diseases caused by malnutrition is the use of modern physiotherapy techniques that simultaneously affect homeostasis systems at various levels.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a multimodal physiotherapy unit in the prevention of alimentary-dependent diseases in aviation engineering workers.

Materials and methods. A study of working conditions, the nature of nutrition, and the health status of aviation engineering workers has been conducted. The effectiveness of wellness measures using multimodal physiotherapy equipment, the Alpha Oxy SPASystem capsule, which includes combined effects of heat, general vibration, aromatherapy, and oxygen therapy, was evaluated. The duration of the procedure is 30 minutes, 10 procedures per course. The trend in anthropometric and laboratory parameters were evaluated before and after the end of treatment.

Results. A violation of the structure and composition of average daily diets, consumption of micro- and macro nutrients among workers in aviation engineering has been revealed. An increased risk of developing alimentary-dependent diseases and related disorders of anthropometric and biochemical parameters in the group of workers with an unbalanced diet has been identified. A positive effect of the multimodal physiotherapy system on the anthropometric, biochemical parameters of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and the antioxidant system has been obtained.

Research limitations. The limitation of this work is the small group of aviation engineering workers.

Conclusions. The results of the study make it possible to recommend a multimodal physiotherapy system in comprehensive treatment and wellness programs for the prevention of alimentary-dependent diseases in workers of harmful industries.

Compliance with ethical standards. Clinical trials have been approved by the Ethics Committee of the F.F. Federal Scientific Center for Hygiene. Erisman" of Rospotrebnadzor (Protocol No. 6 dated 03/21/2023). All participants gave informed voluntary written consent to participate in the study.

Contribution of the authors: Lapko I.V. — writing text, collecting and processing material, statistical analysis; Yatsyna I.V. — concept and design of research, editing; Sukhova A.V. — writing text, collecting and processing material, editing; Preobrazhenskaya E.A. — writing text, working with literature. All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Acknowledgment. The work was carried out within the funds allocated for the implementation of research work of the state assignment.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare the absence of obvious and potential conflicts of interest in connection with the publication of this article.

Received: November 6, 2024 / Accepted: December 11, 2024 / Published: February 28, 2025