Energy-saving technology for harvesting root crops and potatoes

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Abstract

The purpose of the work is to empirically determine the temperature of the exhaust gases when changing the load on the power plant of a beet harvester with a separating system that provides better harvesting quality in conditions of high soil moisture. Have been developed: classification of methods for increasing the separating ability of slot-hole devices for cleaning root crops; laboratory installation for determining the quality indicators of a separation system with thermal energy for exhaust gas purification with a star-shaped cleaning device; a method for assessing the process of heat transfer from the exhaust gases of the power plant of the self-propelled harvester for harvesting sugar beets Holmer Terra Dos T3 to the separating system, which involves determining the temperature using thermocouples installed at various points in the gas exhaust system of the internal combustion engine. An experimental study of the temperature of the exhaust gases of the power plant of a harvesting machine was carried out using thermocouples at maximum rotation speed with a change in the thermal load index of the external environment from 5 to 30°C. The heat of the exhaust gases from the Mercedes-Benz power plant of the Holmer Terra Dos T3 self-propelled harvester, aimed at blowing the working surface of the separating device at the outlet of the first and fourth, as well as the second and third cylinders, has minor discrepancies exceeding the error limits (65 ± 5.8; 63.2 ± 1.5 and 74.9 ± 2.4; 75.2 ± 2.0°C, respectively), which leads to a uniform distribution of heat flow on the device for cleaning sugar beet roots.

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About the authors

A. V. Sibirev

FGBNU “Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM”

Author for correspondence.
Email: sibirev2011@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9442-2276

Grand PhD in Engineering Sciences, Chief Researcher

Russian Federation, Moscow

M. A. Mosyakov

FGBNU “Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM”

Email: sibirev2011@yandex.ru

PhD in Engineering Sciences

Russian Federation, Moscow

N. V. Sazonov

FGBNU “Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM”

Email: sibirev2011@yandex.ru

PhD in Engineering Sciences

Russian Federation, Moscow

A. P. Mansurov

FGBNU “Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM”

Email: sibirev2011@yandex.ru

Grand PhD in Engineering Sciences

Russian Federation, Moscow

Ya. P. Lobachevsky

FGBNU “Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM”; Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: sibirev2011@yandex.ru

Academician of the RAS, Professor

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Classification of methods for increasing the separating ability of slot-hole devices for cleaning root crops.

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3. Fig. 2. Cleaning star of the separating system of the Holmer Terra Dos T3 combine: 1 – separating star, 2 – axle, 3 – hub, 4 – separating rods, 5 – hinges, 6 – protective screen, 7 – lattice damper, 8 – cleaning device, 9 – hydraulic pump, 10 – deflectors, 11 – air ducts, 12 – power unit, 13 – feed device.

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4. Fig. 3. Design and technological diagram of the Holmer Terra Dos T3 self-propelled harvester, equipped with a separation system with thermal cleaning energy: 1 – topper; 2 – uprooter; 3 – separating stars; 4 – rod loading conveyor; 5 – unloading conveyor: 6 – deflector; 7 – air duct; 8 – power plant.

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5. Fig. 4. General view of the Holmer Terra Dos TZ beet harvester and the separating system using the heat of the engine exhaust gases: 1 - topper; 2 - bunker; 3 - unloading conveyor; 4 - rod loading conveyor; 5 - deflector; 6 - air duct; 7 - separating stars; 8 - uprooter.

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6. Fig. 5. Diagram of a device for measuring the temperature of moving gaseous substances of a mobile unit: 1 – housing; 2 – temperature sensor; 3 – fastening element; 4 – casing; 5 – window; 6 – curtain; 7 – control unit; 8 – infrared sensor; 9 – guide; 10 – drive; 11 – protective visor.

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