Metaboliс enzymes activity in smolts and parrs of Atlantic salmon (Salmo Salar L) grown under different light regimes

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Open Access Open Access
Restricted Access Access granted
Restricted Access Subscription Access

Abstract

The activities of enzymes of energy and carbohydrate metabolism in the muscles and liver of smolts and pestlets of Atlantic salmon (Salmo Salar L), which were grown in the autumn period under the influence of two photoperiod modes (constant and natural) in combination with a different feeding regime and subsequent maintenance during the winter short photoperiod, were investigated. The dependence in the activity level of the studied enzymes was established both with the membership of the juvenile salmon to the experimental group, and between the parr and smolts selected at the end of the winter short photoperiod. The smolts, grown under conditions of constant lighting and round-the-clock feeding, differed from other groups by higher values of cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity and low values of aldolase in muscles. The differences between parr and smolts in aerobic metabolism in muscles were found to be the same for all experimental groups, namely: relatively high activity of COX and aldolase in smolts. The pattern of changes in the activity of the studied enzymes in the liver of parrs and smolts differed in individuals from different experimental groups. The results of the study of the activity of energy metabolism enzymes in salmon juveniles grown under different photoperiod conditions suggest that the intensity and direction of the pathways of energy metabolism and glucose oxidation depend on the light regime used, which, cosequently, may affect the completeness of the smoltification process of the studied fish.

Full Text

Restricted Access

About the authors

M. V. Kuznetsova

Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: kuznetsovamvi@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Petrozavodsk

M. A. Rodin

Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: kuznetsovamvi@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Petrozavodsk

N. S. Shulgina

Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: kuznetsovamvi@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Petrozavodsk

M. Yu. Krupnova

Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: kuznetsovamvi@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Petrozavodsk

A. E. Kuritsin

Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: kuznetsovamvi@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Petrozavodsk

S. A. Murzina

Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: kuznetsovamvi@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Petrozavodsk

Н. Н. Немова

Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: kuznetsovamvi@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Petrozavodsk

References

  1. Веселов А. Е., Калюжин С. М. Экология, поведение и распределение молоди атлантического лосося. Петрозаводск: Карелия. 2001. 160 с.
  2. Павлов Д. С., Савваитова К. А., Кузищин К. В. и др. Тихоокеанские благородные лососи и форели Азии. М.: Науч. мир. 2001. 200 с.
  3. Павлов Д. С., Нефедова З. А., Веселов А. Е. и др. Сравнение липидных спектров сеголеток Атлантического лосося // Биологические ресурсы Белого моря и внутренних водоемов Европейского Севера. 2009. С. 404–407.
  4. Stefansson S. O., Björnsson B. T., Ebbesson L. O.E. et al. In: Fish Larval Physiology, eds R. N. Finn, B. G. Kapoon. Science Publishers, Enfield, NH, USA. 2008. P. 639–681.
  5. McCormick S. D. Smolt physiology and endocrinology. Fish physiology. 2013. V. 32. P. 199–251.
  6. Handeland S. O., Stefansson S. O. Photoperiod control and influence of body size on off-season parr–smolt transformation and post-smolt growth // Aquaculture. 2001. V. 192. P. 291–307.
  7. Stefansson S. O., Nilsen T. O., Ebbesson L. O. et al. Molecular mechanisms of continuous light inhibition of Atlantic salmon parr–smolt transformation // Aquaculture. 2007. V. 273. № 2–3. P. 235–245.
  8. Strand J. E.T., Hazlerigg D., Jørgensen E. H. Photoperiod revisited: is there a critical day length for triggering a complete parr–smolt transformation in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar? // Journal of fish biology. 2018. V. 93. № 3. С. 440–448.
  9. Кузнецова М. В., Родин М. А., Шульгина Н. С. и др. Влияние разных режимов освещения и кормления на активность ферментов энергетического обмена у сеголетков атлантического лосося в условиях аквакультуры // Онтогенез. 2023. Т. 54. № 2. C. 162–171.
  10. Мурзина С. А., Провоторов Д. С., Воронин В. П. и др. Показатели липидного обмена у сеголеток атлантического лосося Salmo salar, в условиях аквакультуры в южном регионе РФ при разных режимах освещения и кормления // Известия РАН. Серия биологическая. 2023. № 2. С. 134–148.
  11. Smith L. Spectrophotometric assay of cytochrome c oxidase // Methods in Biochem Analysis 2. P. 427–434.
  12. Колб В. Г., Камышников В. С. Клиническая биохимия. Минск: Изд-во Беларусь, 1976. 311 с.
  13. Кочетов Г. А. Практическое руководство по энзимологии. М.: Высш. шк., 1980. 272 с.
  14. Bücher T., Pfleiderer G. Pyruvate kinase from muscle // Methods in Enzymology. 1955. V. I. P. 345–440.
  15. Bradford M. M. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding // Anal. Biochem. 1976. V. 72. P. 248–254.
  16. Goolish E. M., Adelman I. R. Tissue specific cytochrome c oxidase activity in largemouth bass: the metabolic cost of feeding and growth // Physiological Zoology. 1987. V. 60. P. 454–464.
  17. Gauthier C., Campbell P., Couture P. Physiological correlates of growth and condition in the yellow perch (Perca flavescens) // Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology: Part A. 2008. V. 151. P. 526–532.
  18. Metón I., Mediavilla D., Caseras A. et al. Effect of diet composition and ration size on key enzyme activities of glycolysis–gluconeogenesis, the pentose phosphate pathway and amino acid metabolism in liver of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) // British Journal of Nutrition. 1999. V. 82. № 3. P. 223–232.
  19. Llewellyn L., Sweeney G. E., Ramsurn V. P. et al. Cloning and unusual expression profile of the aldolase B gene from Atlantic salmon // Biochimica et BiophysicaActa (BBA)-Gene Structure and Expression. 1998. V. 1443. № 3. P. 375–380.
  20. Treberg JR., Lewis JM., Driedzic WR. Comparison of liver enzymes in osmerid fishes: key differences between a glycerol accumulating species, rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax), and a species that does not accumulate glycerol, capelin (Mallotus villosus). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol.Integr.Physiol. 2002. V. 132. P. 433–438.
  21. Tian W. N., Braunstein L. D., Pang J. et al. Stanton R. C. Importance of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity for cell growth // J. Biol. Chem. 1998. V. 273. P. 10609–10617.
  22. Провоторов Д. С., Мурзина С. А., Воронин В. П. и др. Липидный профиль пестряток и смолтов атлантического лосося Salmo salar L., выращенных в аквакультуре при введении разных режимов освещения // Известия РАН. Серия биологическая. 2023/24 (в печати).
  23. Maxime V., Boeuf G., Pennec J. P., et al. Comparative study of the energetic metabolism of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr and smolts // Aquaculture. 1989. V. 82. № 1. P. 163–171.
  24. Leonard J. B., McCormick S. D. Metabolic enzyme activity during smolting in stream-and hatchery-reared Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) // Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 2001.
  25. Churova M. V., Meshcheryakova O. V., Veselov A. E. et al. Activity of metabolic enzymes and muscle-specific gene expression in parr and smolts Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. of different age groups // Fish Physiology and Biochemistry. 2017. V. 43. № 4. P. 1117–1130.
  26. Провоторов Д. С., Мурзина С. А., Воронин В. П. и др. Состав жирных кислот общих липидов у пестряток и смолтов атлантического лосося Salmo Salar L. выращенных в аквакультуре при разных режимах освещения // Доклады Российской академии наук. Науки о жизни. 2023 (в печати).
  27. Mizuno S., Urabe H., Aoyama T. et al. Changes in activity and transcript level of liver and gill metabolic enzymes during smoltification in wild and hatchery-reared masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) // Aquaculture. 2012. V. 362. P. 109–120.

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download
2. Fig. 1. Activity of enzymes CO (a), LDH (b), PK (c), aldolase (d) (mmol/min/mg protein) in the white muscles of atlantic salmon grown in groups with different lighting and feeding modes ("24C KK" – constant lighting mode, round–the–clock feeding; "EstF CD" - natural photoperiod, feeding in the daytime; "24C CD" - constant lighting mode, feeding in the daytime). The differences are significant at p < 0.05: * – in comparison with the group "24C KK", # – in comparison with the group "EstF CD", a – between smolts and pestlets in the corresponding group.

Download (420KB)
Indexing metadata

Copyright (c) 2024 Russian Academy of Sciences