Radionuclides are currently to the most dangerous ecotoxicants, due to their high resistance, wide distribution, ability to biogenic migration and cumulation in living organisms. The purpose of this study was to study the patterns of accumulation of radionuclides of natural and man-made origin in the synanthropic flora of the Voronezh region using the example of the aboveground part of bitter wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.). All studied samples of plant raw materials prepared in natural and artificial phytocenoses of the Voronezh region meet the existing radiation safety requirements (first group). Correlation analysis of the specific activity of artificial and natural radionuclides in the soil and the aboveground part of the bitter wormwood showed a close relationship between these numerical indicators, which confirmed their predominant transposed pollution. The results of the study showed that with an increase in the specific activity of natural and man-made radionuclides in the soil, their specific activity increased in the above-ground part of the bitter wormwood. The accumulation coefficients of strontium-90, cesium-137, potassium-40 from soils in bitter wormwood grass tended to decrease as the specific activity of radionuclides in the soil increased, indicating the presence of physiological mechanisms for regulating their entry into the plant, and thoria-232, radia-226, on the contrary, increased, which indicates high phytoremediation abilities of the species in relation to these isotopes. For the first time, the patterns and mathematical dependencies of the accumulation of technogenic and natural radionuclides in bitter wormwood grass revealed as a result of the study make it possible to predict the peculiarities of contamination of plant raw materials with these ecotoxicants.
-226
1. Bekman I.N. Radioekologiya i ekologicheskaya radiohimiya. Moskva: Izdatel' Marhotin P.Yu., 2018. 400 s.
2. Belozerova T.I., Boykova T.E., Prahova S.V. Diagnostika soderzhaniya ionov tyazhelyh metallov i radionuklidov v pochvah g. Severodvinska // Sovremennye tradicii razvitiya nauki i tehnologii. Periodicheskiy nauchnyy sbornik. 2016. № 2. S. 110-114.
3. Botov A.Yu., Severin A.P., Yacyuk V.Ya., Siplivaya L.E. Elementnyy sostav nekotoryh rasteniy semeystva Asteraceae // Nauchnye vedomosti. Seriya Medicina. Farmaciya. 2011. № 22. S. 164-166.
4. Gaponov S.P., Slivkin A.I., D'yakova N.A. Izuchenie osobennostey nakopleniya radionuklidov travoy polyni gor'koy // Puti i formy sovershenstvovaniya farmacevticheskogo obrazovaniya. Sozdanie novyh fiziologicheski aktivnyh veschestv: Materialy 6-y Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-metodicheskoy konferencii «Farmobrazovanie-2016». Voronezh: Izdatel'sko-poligraficheskiy centr Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2016. S. 232-236.
5. Gosudarstvennaya farmakopeya Rossiyskoy Federacii. Izdanie XV. https://pharmacopoeia.regmed.ru/pharmacopoeia/izdanie-15
6. D'yakova N.A. Izuchenie nakopleniya radionuklidov lekarstvennym rastitel'nym syr'em Central'nogo Chernozem'ya // Vestnik Smolenskoy Gosudarstvennoy Medicinskoy Akademii. 2022. T. 21. № 3. S. 171-176.
7. D'yakova N.A. Metodicheskie rekomendacii po zagotovke lekarstvennogo rastitel'nogo syr'ya v Voronezhskoy oblasti. Voronezh: Izdatel'skiy Dom VGU, 2022. 160 s.
8. D'yakova N.A. Nakoplenie tyazhelyh metallov i mysh'yaka travoy polyni gor'koy // Izvestiya Saratovskogo universiteta. Novaya seriya. Seriya Himiya. Biologiya. Ekologiya. 2020. T. 20. № 4. S. 445-453.
9. D'yakova N.A. Ekologicheskaya ocenka syr'evyh resursov lekarstvennyh rasteniy Voronezhskoy oblasti. Voronezh: Cifrovaya poligrafiya, 2022. 264 s.
10. D'yakova N.A. Ekologo-farmakognosticheskaya ocenka radionuklidnogo zagryazneniya lekarstvennogo rastitel'nogo syr'ya Voronezhskoy oblasti. Moskva: Rusayns, 2023. 188 s.
11. D'yakova N.A., Slivkin A.I., Gaponov S.P. Ocenka radionuklidnogo zagryazneniya lekarstvennogo rastitel'nogo syr'ya v Central'nom Chernozem'e na primere travy polyni gor'koy // Voprosy obespecheniya kachestva lekarstvennyh sredstv. 2019. № 3(25). S. 36-44.
12. D'yakova N.A., Ukolova I.R. Soderzhanie radionuklidov v trave polyni gor'koy, sobrannoy v Central'nom Chernozem'e // Materialy 65-y Vserossiyskoy mezhvuzovskoy studencheskoy nauchnoy konferencii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Molodezh', nauka, medicina». Tver': Redakcionno-izdatel'skiy centr Tverskogogo sudarstvennogo medicinskogo universiteta. 2019. S. 324-327.
13. Kolchanov R.A., Kolchanov A.F. Soderzhanie ceziya-137 v lekarstvennyh rasteniyah na territorii Belgorodskoy oblasti // Nauchnye vedomosti BelGU. 2009. № 11(66). S. 14-17.
14. Korolev A.S., Gladyshev A.A., Yutkina I.S. Osobennosti nakopleniya bioelementov v nadzemnoy chasti Artemisia absinthium L. na shlamovom pole kriolitovogo zavoda // Izvestiya Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2014. № 5(49). S. 159-161.
15. Kurkin V.A. Farmakognoziya. Samara: Ofort, 2004. 1174 s.
16. Kurolap S.A., Mamchik N.P., Klepikov O.V. i dr. Mediko-ekologicheskiy atlas Voronezhskoy oblasti. Voronezh: Voronezhskaya oblastnaya tipografiya, 2010. 167 s.
17. K'osev P.A. Lekarstvennye rasteniya: samyy polnyy spravochnik. Moskva: Eksmo-Press, 2011. 939 s.
18. Lyubimov V.B., Anischenko L.N., Borzdyko E.V., Markelova N.V., Pocepay Yu.G., Skovorodnikova N.A., Azarchenkova E.A., Mokroguzova V.N. Itogi razrabotki sistemy bioanaliza na regional'noy osnove v monitoringe sred obitaniya // Ezhegodnik NII fundamental'nyh i prikladnyh issledovaniy. 2011. № 1(2). S. 49-60.
19. Milyutina N.O., Osmolovskaya N.G., Politaeva N.A., Kurilenko V.V. Analiz migracii tyazhelyh metallov v sisteme «pochva–rastenie» pri ekologo-geologicheskoy ocenke okruzhayuschey sredy vokrug poligona TKO v g. Tambov // Geoekologiya. Inzhenernaya geologiya, gidrogeologiya, geokriologiya. 2020. № 3. S. 55-63.
20. Poznyak S.S. Soderzhanie nekotoryh tyazhelyh metallov v rastitel'nosti polevyh i lugovyh agrofitocenozov v usloviyah tehnogennogo zagryazneniya pochvennogo pokrova // Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Biologiya. 2011. № 1. S. 13-19.
21. Popp Ya.I., Bokova T.I. Soderzhanie cinka, medi i kadmiya v razlichnyh vidah lekarstvennyh rasteniy, proizrastayuschih v poymah rek Irtysha i Obi // Vestnik NGAU. 2017. № 1(42). S. 84-92.
22. Tereshkina O.I., Rudakova I.P., Samylina I.A. Ocenka riska radionuklidnogo zagryazneniya lekarstvennogo rastitel'nogo syr'ya // Farmaciya. 2011. № 7. S. 3-6.
23. Cvelev N.N. Opredelitel' sosudistyh rasteniy Severo – Zapadnoy Rossii. SPb.: Izd-vo SPUVA, 2000. 781 s.
24. Chibrik T.S. Izmenchivost' mikroelementnogo sostava Artemisia absinthium L. // Ekosistemy, ih optimizaciya i ohrana. 2014. № 11. S. 106-113.
