Currently, a significant part of the world's soil cover is exposed to negative pollution, leading to its degradation. Oil hydrocarbons play a significant role among numerous soil pollutants. Sources of pollution are enterprises of oil extraction, oil refining, oil and oil products transportation. Every year in the world millions of tons of oil and oil products are lost during extraction, transportation, storage and use. Biological remediation based on the potential of microorganisms to transform pollutants of different origin is the most promising and environmentally safe method of restoring soil fertility, so the search for new strains to create and improve such biological preparations is still relevant. Atmospheric aerosols are a source of both transient and endogenous microbiota, which are metabolically active in relation to pollutants. During a complex airborne expedition on atmospheric sounding over the Arctic Ocean seas samples of aerosols were collected for microbiological analysis. The isolated cultures of microorganisms belonging to the genera Bacillus, Acinetobacter, Rhodococcus were tested for the ability to oil destruction when growing on agarized and liquid medium with the addition of oil to 2% as the only source of carbon and incubation for 10 days. The bioemulsifying and biodegrading abilities of microorganisms during growth in liquid medium were estimated visually by destruction of the surface film of oil, turbidity of the nutrient medium due to an increase in the biomass of microorganisms, formation of a uniform emulsion of oil in the medium, microscopy of cultural suspensions, and by their seeding on agarized nutrient medium to determine the titer of viable cells. Highly effective mesophilic and psychrotolerant oil destructor bacteria were isolated from northern atmospheric aerosols, which can be used to create complex biopreparations capable of assimilating a wider range of oil hydrocarbons for remediation of polluted soils and grounds in cold territories of Siberia and the Arctic.
atmosfernye aerozoli, Arktika, samoletnoe zondirovanie, mikroorganizmy-neftedestruktory, biopreparaty dlya rekul'tivacii
1. Avetov N.A., Shishkonakova E.A. Zagryaznenie neft'yu pochv taezhnoy zony Zapadnoy Sibiri // Byulleten' Pochvennogo instituta imeni V.V. Dokuchaeva. 2011. №68. S. 45–55. https://doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2011-68-45-55
2. Andreeva I.S., Emel'yanova E.K., Ol'kin S.E., Reznikova I.K., Zagrebel'nyy S.N., Repin V.E. Utilizaciya uglevodorodov psihrotolerantnymi shtammami-destruktorami // Prikladnaya biohimiya i mikrobiologiya. 2007. T. 43. №2. S. 223–228.
3. Andreeva I.S., Safatov A.S., Puchkova L.I., Emel'yanova E.K., Buryak G.A., Ol'kin S.E., Reznikova I.K., Ohlopkova O.V. Kul'tiviruemye mikroorganizmy v vysotnyh probah aerozoley vozduha severa Sibiri v hode samoletnogo zondirovaniya atmosfery // Vestnik Nizhnevartovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2019. №2. S. 3–11.
4. Borisova E.A., Krasnoperova S.A. Razrabotka predlozheniy po rekul'tivacii shlamovyh ambarov na predpriyatii OAO «Surgutneftegaz» // Neftyanaya provinciya. 2019. №4(20). S. 352–367. https://doi.org/10.25689/NP.2019.4.352-367
5. Bykova M.V., Pashkevich M.A. Problema promyshlennogo zagryazneniya pochv nefteproduktami // Tendencii razvitiya nauki i obrazovaniya. 2020. №67-1. S. 82–86. https://doi.org/10.18411/lj-11-2020-22
6. Gorbaev A.V. Primenenie bakteriy Rhodococcus erythopolis dlya polucheniya iz nefteshlamov iskusstvennogo grunta tehnicheskogo v usloviyah Vostochnoy Sibiri // Vestnik Evraziyskoy nauki. 2021. T. 13. №6. URL: https://esj.today/PDF/39NZVN621.pdf
7. Zapevalov V.N. Soderzhanie rekul'tivacionnyh rabot pri stroitel'stve i ekspluatacii ob'ektov neftegazovogo kompleksa (na primere Samotlorskogo mestorozhdeniya nefti v Hanty-mansiyskom avtonomnom okruge Tyumenskoy oblasti) // Moskovskiy ekonomicheskiy zhurnal. 2022. T. 7. №1. S. 88–99. https://doi.org/10.55186/2413046X_2022_7_1_41
8. Kalyuzhin V.A. Ispol'zovanie aborigennyh vidov mikroorganizmov pri kompleksnyh rabotah po ochistke territoriy ot posledstviy razlivov nefti // Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2009. №327. S. 200–201.
9. Klimov O.V., Kaz'min S.P. Ekologicheskiy monitoring zagryazneniya prirodnoy sredy v rayonah razrabotki neftyanyh mestorozhdeniy Zapadnoy Sibiri // Trudy Sibirskogo regional'nogo nauchno-issledovatel'skogo gidrometeorologicheskogo instituta. 2021. №107. S. 147–160.
10. Korshunova T.Yu., Kuzina E.V., Rafikova G.F., Loginov O.N. Bakterii roda Pseudomonas dlya ochistki okruzhayuschey sredy ot neftyanogo zagryazneniya // Ekobiotehnicheskih 2020. T. 3. №1. S. 18–32. http://doi.org/10.31163/2618-964X-2020-3-1-18-32
11. Loginova O.O., Dang T.T., Belousova E.V., Grabovich M.Yu. Ispol'zovanie shtammov roda Acinetobacter dlya bioremediacii neftezagryaznennyh pochv na territorii Voronezhskoy oblasti // Vestnik VGU. 2011. №2. S. 127–133.
12. Lyong T.M., Nechaeva I.A., Petrikov K.V., Puntus I.F., Ponamoreva O.N. Bakterii neftedestruktory roda Rhodococcus – potencial'nye producenty biosurfaktantov // Izvestiya vuzov. Prikladnaya himiya i biotehnologiya. 2016. №1. S. 50–60.
13. Lyong T.M., Nechaeva I.A., Ponamoreva O.N. Metody skrininga biosurfaktant-produciruyuschih bakteriy (mini obzor) // Izvestiya Tul'skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Estestvennye nauki. 2019. S. 98–111. https://doi.org/10.24411/2071-6176-2019-10405
14. Okmyanskaya V.M. K voprosu o rekul'tivacii narushennyh zemel' na primere mestorozhdeniya Yamalo-neneckogo avtonomnogo okruga // International Agricultural Journal. 2022. T. 65. №6. S. 1068–1083. https://doi.org/10.55186/25876740_2023_7_2_14
15. Pyrchenkova I.A., Gafarov A.B., Puntus I.F., Filonov A.E., Boronin A.M. Vybor i harakteristika aktivnyh psihrotrofnyh mikroorganizmov-destruktorov nefti // Prikladnaya biohimiya i mikrobiologiya. 2006. T. 42. №3. S. 298–305.
16. Rogova nauchnyy sotrudnik Prichiny neeffektivnosti rekul'tivacii neftezagryaznennyh zemel' v Zapadnoy Sibiri // Geoekologiya. Inzhenernaya geologiya, gidrogeologiya, geokriologiya. 2020. №1. S. 82–85. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869780920010172
17. Rogozina E.A., Andreeva O.A., Zharkova S.I., Martynova D.A. Sravnitel'naya harakteristika otechestvennyh biopreparatov, predlagaemyh dlya ochistki pochv i gruntov ot zagryazneniya neft'yu i nefteproduktami // Neftegazovaya geologiya. Teoriya i praktika. 2010. T. 5. №3. S. 1–18.
18. Yapparov A.H., Degtyareva I.A., Hidiyatullina A.Ya. Ispol'zovanie effektivnyh aborigennyh uglevodorodokislyayuschih mikroorganizmov pri biologicheskoy rekul'tivacii neftezagryaznennyh territoriy RT // Uchenye zapiski KGAVM imeni N.E. Baumana. 2009. T. 199. S. 218–222.
19. Cappelletti M., Presentato A., Piacenza E., Firrincieli A., TurnerR.J., Zannoni D. Biotechnology of Rhodococcus for the production of valuable compounds//Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2020. Vol. 104. P. 8567–8594. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-020-10861-z
20. Cooper D.G., Goldenberg B.G. Surface active agents from two Bacillus species // Appl. En-viron. Microbiol. 1987. Vol. 53. №2. P. 224–229.
21. Emelyanova E., Andreeva I., Zagrebel’ny S., Repin V. Psychrotolerant oil-degrading microorganisms for Bioremediation // Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. 2006. Vol. 5. №2. P. 169–179. https://doi.org/10.30638/eemj.2006.013
22. Kumari B. Singh S.N., Singh D.P. Characterization of two biosurfactant producing strains in crude oil degradation // Process Biochemistry. 2012. №47. P. 2463–2471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2012.10.010
23. Robertson L.W., Hansen L.G. PCBs: Recent advances in environmental toxicology and health effects. University rress of Kentucky, 2015. 496 r.
24. Toren A., Navon-Venezia S., Ron E.Z., Rosenberg E. Emulsifying activities of purified Alasan proteins from Acinetobacter radioresistens KA53 // Journal of Applied & Environmental Microbiology. 2001. Vol. 67(3). P. 1102–1106. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.67.3.1102-1106.2001
25. Tuo B.-H. Biodegradation characteristics and bioaugmentation potential of a novel quinoline-degrading strain of Bacillus sp. isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil // Bioresource Technology.2012. №107. P. 55–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.12.114
26. Varjani S.J.,Upasani V.N. A new look on factors affecting microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants. // International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. 2017. Vol. 120. P. 71–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2017.02.006
27. Vinothini C., Sudhakar S., Ravikumar R. Biodegradation of petroleum and crude oil by Pseudomonas putida and Bacillus cereus // International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences. 2015. Vol. 4. №1. R. 318–329.
