The paper analyzes the role of political parties and other political resources in the context of social reform in the German Empire in the 1870s. Not only political parties and movements, but also professional associations, entrepreneurial groups that demonstrate a certain degree of social responsibility are referred to political resources. The indicated period in Reich Chancellor O. Bismarck’s domestic policy was marked by an active search for like-minded people represented by representatives of various political parties, economists, and large industrialists for social reforms development and implementation. It is proved that in search of the all-German social support, O. Bismarck demonstrated the ability to maneuver between political parties and groups, business and other social strata. The study focuses on Reich Chancellor’s strategy was aimed at reducing the severity of political and social problems and creating a social balance between different social strata. The author emphasizes that the head of the German government not only sought to isolate the working class out of the social democracy through social concessions, but also to maintain peace and harmony in new industrial society, open the way to its consolidation, which was supposed to come to stability through social reforms. The author pays particular attention to the structure, organization and influence of the political parties. The study provides the statistical data on the share of voters who voted for the parties and the number of deputy mandates received from the results of general elections, as well as describes various political programs.
partiya, liberaly, konservatory, progressisty, social-demokraty, Otto fon Bismark, parlament, reyhstag, yunkerstvo
1. Bismark O. 1940a. Mysli i vospominaniya: V 3 t. / Per. s nem. pod red. prof. L.S. Erusalimskogo. M.: OGIZ. T. 1.
2. Bismark O. 1940b. Mysli i vospominaniya: V 3 t. / Per. s nem. pod red. prof. L.S. Erusalimskogo. M.: OGIZ. T. 2
3. Bonvech B. 2008a. Istoriya Germanii: V 3 t. T. 2: Ot sozdaniya Germanskoy imperii do nachala XXI veka / Pod obsch. red. B. Bonvecha, Yu.V. Galaktionova. M.: KDU.
4. Bonvech B. 2008b. Istoriya Germanii: V 3 t. T. 3: Dokumenty i materialy / Pod obsch. red. B. Bonvecha, Yu.V. Galaktionova. M.: KDU.
5. Ol'hovskaya O.V. 2014. Partiya «Centr» v Germanii 70-h godov XIX veka: organizaciya, ideologiya, politicheskaya praktika: Dis.. kand. ist. nauk. Bryansk.
6. Rennenkampf V.N. 1890. Konstitucionnye nachala i politicheskie vozzreniya Bismarka. Kiev: Tip. vysoch. utv. T-va Kushnerev i K° v Moskve, Kievskoe otd.
7. Ustinova Yu.N. 2011. Nacional-liberal'naya partiya v politicheskoy zhizni Germanii: 1871-1878 gody: Dis. … kand. ist. nauk.
8. Bryansk. Chuprova O.V. 2009. Vzglyady O. Bismarka na mesto i rol' zakonodatel'noy vlasti v Germanii vo vtoroy polovine XIX veka // Probely v rossiyskom zakonodatel'stve. Yuridicheskiy zhurnal. Vyp. 4, 309-312.
9. Althammer J.W., Lampert H. 2014. Lehrbuch der Sozialpolitik. Berlin Heidelberg Springer: Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
10. Born K.E. 1988. Kräfte und Ideen // hrgb. von Hohmann K., Wünsche H. F. Grundtexte zur sozialen Marktwirtschaft. Bd. 2. Das Soziale in der Sozialen Marktwirtschaft. Stuttgart/New York: Gustav Fischer Verlag.
11. Dove A. 2017. Fürst Bismarck als Redner: Die Reichstagssession von 1884/85. Salzwasser: Verlag Verone.
12. Gall L. 1982. Bismarcks Preußen, das Reich und Europa // Historische Zeitschrift. Bd. 234. H. 2. Berlin: Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag GmbH.
13. Handwörterbuch der wirtschaftswissenschaft (HdWW). 1982. Bd. 9. Wirtschaft und Politik bis Zölle, Nachtrag / Zottmann A. (Redaktion). Tübingen: Gustav Fischer - J.C.B. Mohr, Göttingen und Zürich: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht.
14. Pflanze O. 2008. Bismarck: Der Reichskanzler. München: Verlag C.H. Beck.
15. Ritter G.A., Niehuss M. 1980. Wahlgeschichtliches Arbeitsbuch. Materialien zur Statistik des Kaiserreich 1871-1918. München: C.H. Beck, 38-43.
16. Salomon F. 1924. Die deutschen Parteiprogramme vom Erwachen des politischen Lebens in Deutschland bis zur Gegenwart. Heft 2. Im deutschen Kaiserreich 1871-1918. Leipzig.
17. Specht F. 1898. Die Reichstags Wahlen von 1867 bis 1897. Eine Statistik der Reichstagswahlen nebst den Programmen den Parteien und dem Verzeichniß der gewählten Kandidaten. Berlin.
18. Treue W. 1956. Deutschen Parteiprogramme 1861-1956. Göttingen.
19. Wurm F.F. 1975. Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft in Deutschland 1848-1948. Opladen: Leske Verlag
20. Zunkel F. 1962. Der Rheinisch-Westfalische Unternehmer 1834-1879. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des deutschen Bürgertums im 19. Jahrhundert. (Dortmunder Schriften zur Sozialforschung). Bd. 19. Köln und Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag.
