The article deals with the topical issues of studying morphotypological and psychomotor characteristics of beginning athletes. The problem of assessing morphofunctional development is hereditarily conditioned and is controlled by of environmental factors. However, till now the development of training programs and the choice of primary sports specialization have been based on the averaged data, without taking into account the typological characteristics of an organism. The aim of the study is to identify the most significant types of psychomotor abilities in order to justify the choice of further specialization and to enhance successful results in different types of athletics. The following methods of research were used, i.e. somatotyping; anthropometry; methods of assessing functional state; method of anthropometric indices; psychomotor testing; pedagogical testing; methods of mathematical statistics. Somatotypes of 12-13 year old beginning athletes, both girls and boys, have been assessed. The comparative analysis of morphofunctional indicators of young athletes, considering their body type, revealed that most parameters vary from one somatotype to another. Significant differences in the indices of psychomotor abilities in representatives of different somatotypes have been revealed. It has been found that there is a strong correlation between psychomotor abilities and the parameters of physical fitness as well as sport achievements. The study has determined the most significant types of psychomotor abilities for better achievements in sport, specific for each somatotype.
psihomotornye sposobnosti, legkaya atletika, somatotip, otbor, rannyaya specializaciya
1. Belyakova A. S., Gorskaya I. Yu. 2017. Ocenka psihomotornyh sposobnostey yunyh legkoatletov 12-13 let s uchetom tipa teloslozheniya // Problemy razvitiya fizicheskoy kul'tury i sporta v novom tysyacheletii. T.15, Vyp. 1, 72-76.
2. Darskaya S. S. 1975. Tehnika opredeleniya tipov konstitucii u detey i podrostkov // Nikityuk B. A. (red.). Ocenka tipov konstitucii u detey i podrostkov: Sb. nauchnyh trudov. Moskva: NIIOP, 45-55.
3. Koryagina Yu. V., Nopin S. V. 2004. Issledovatel' vremennyh i prostranstvennyh svoystv cheloveka № 2004610221 // Programmy dlya EVM (ofic. byul.) 2, 51.
4. Makarova G. A. 2003. Sportivnaya medicina. Moskva: Sovetskiy sport.
5. Medvedeva O. A., Aleksanyanc G. D., Minko O. V., Knebel' Ya., Hartmann Z. 2014. Osobennosti prostoy zritel'no-motornoy reakcii yunoshey, specializiruyuschihsya v greble na baydarkah i kanoe, v zavisimosti ot somatotipa // Fizicheskaya kul'tura, sport - nauka i praktika 4, 69-73.
6. Ozerov V. P. 2002. Psihomotornye sposobnosti cheloveka. Izd. 2-e, stereotip. Dubna: Feniks.
7. Petrova T. G., Shahanova A. V., Hasanova N. N., Konovalova G. M. 2012. Neyrofiziologicheskiy status i ego svyaz' s morfotipom u sportsmenov-legkoatletov // Vestnik Adygeyskogo gos. un-ta. Seriya 4: Estestvenno-matematicheskie i tehnicheskie nauki 1, 116-122.
8. Prikaz Minsporta Rossii ot 24 aprelya 2013 № 220 (s izmeneniyami na 16 fevralya 2015 g.) «Ob utverzhdenii Federal'nogo standarta sportivnoy podgotovki po vidu sporta legkaya atletika» // http://www.minsport.gov.ru/sport/podgotovka/82/27833/ (2018. 23 yanv.)
