The paper studies type D personality (distress type) characterized by a tendency to negative emotions with simultaneous suppression of their manifestations in social interaction in undergraduate students of the first and second years of technical, humanitarian and medical specialties of higher educational institutions of Russia. This personality type adversely affects the number of cardiovascular events and the prognosis for the course of cardiovascular diseases, e.g. it is one of the mechanisms of the unfavorable prognosis for the development of multifocal atherosclerosis in patients with ischemic heart disease. Psychophysiological and behavioral factors are put forward among the possible causes of the adverse influence of the type D personality on the disease prognosis. Three groups (200 people in each) of undergraduate students of the first and second years of technical, humanitarian and medical specialties of higher educational institutions of Russia were examined. Prevalence rate of distress was observed among the students of technical specialties (47.5%), students of medical specialties had middle degree distress (22%) and students of humanitarian specialties had low degree distress (7%). Type D personality was found in almost half of the students of technical specialties, as for the students of medical and humanitarian specialties it was found in less than a quarter of the respondents. Such high rates for students of technical specialties can be linked with high study loads during their training. However, the low rates for students of medical specialties can testify to personality traits of the students. At the same time, among the study participants there were first and second year students that is those who only started their career development and did not undergo any professional deformation, This suggests that there is a connection between type D personality and the choice of a profession. The obtained results can become a tool for revealing a student's predisposition to cardiovascular diseases (for example, at a dispensary screening), and also to help the applicant with the choice of the future specialty.
lichnostnyy tip D, serdechno-sosudistye zabolevaniya, stress, student
1. Vsemirnyy atlas profilaktiki serdechno-sosudistyh zabolevaniy i bor'by s nimi. Politika, strategiya i mery bor'by // www.who.int/cardiovascular_diseases/publications/atlas_cvd/ru/ (2017. 20 avg.).
2. Gorshkov-Kantakuzen V. A. 2017. Arterial'naya gipertenziya: epidemiya nacional'nogo masshtaba // Mul'tidisciplinarnyy bol'noy: sb. mat. I Vserossiyskoy konferencii molodyh terapevtov (16-17 maya 2017 g., Moskva). M.: OOO «KST Interforum», 26.
3. Korok E. V., Sumin A. N., Rayh O. I., Gayfulin R. A., Bezdenezhnyh A. V., Barbarash O. L. 2015. Psihosomaticheskie i gendernye osobennosti mul'tifokal'nogo ateroskleroza u bol'nyh ishemicheskoy bolezn'yu serdca // Rossiyskoe kardiologicheskoe obschestvo v god bor'by s serdechno-sosudistymi zabolevaniyami v Rossii: mat-ly Rossiyskogo nacional'nogo kongressa kardiologov (22-25 sentyabrya 2015). M.: Rossiyskoe kardiologicheskoe obschestvo, 348-349.
4. Oganov R. G., Maslennikova G. Ya. 2007. Demograficheskaya situaciya i serdechno-sosudistye zabolevaniya v Rossii: puti resheniya problemy // Kardiovaskulyarnaya terapiya i profilaktika 6 (8), 7-14.
5. Sumin A. N., Sumina L. Yu., Barbarash N. A. 2012. Stressornye izmeneniya gemodinamiki pri tipe lichnosti D u zdorovyh lic molodogo vozrasta // Kardiovaskulyarnaya terapiya i profilaktika 11 (3), 70-76.
6. Rossiyskiy nacional'nyy kongress kardiologov. Rossiyskoe kardiologicheskoe obschestvo v god bor'by s serdechno-sosudistymi zabolevaniyami. 2015 // Materialy kongressa (22-25 sentyabrya 2015).
7. Translyacionnaya medicina. 2010. Shlyahto E. V. (otv. red.): Sb. statey. SPb.: FCSKE im. V. A. Almazova
8. Denollet J. 2005. DS14: Standard assessment of negative affectivity, social inhibition, and Type D personality // Psychosomatic Medicine 67, 89-97.
9. Denollet J., Pedersen S. S., Vrints C. J., Conraads V. M. 2013. Predictive value of social inhibition and negative affectivity for cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with coronary artery disease: the type D personality construct // Psychosomatic Medicine 75 (9), 873-81.
10. Denollet J., Tekle F.B., van der Voort P.H. et al. 2013. Agerelated differences in the effect of psychological distress on mortality: type D personality in younger versus older patients with cardiac arrhythmias // Biomed. Res. Int. 2013; 246035: 7 doihttps://doi.org/10.1155/2013/246035.
11. Ezzati M, Lopez A. D., Rodgers A., et al. 2002. Selected major risk factors and global and regional burden of disease // Lancet 360, 1347-1360.
12. Higher education in the twenty-first century vision and action. 1998. ED-98/Conf.202/CLD/… / World conf. on higher education (5-9 Oct., Paris). Paris: UNESCO, 15.
13. Howard S., Hughes B. M. 2013 Type D personality is associated with a sensitized cardiovascular response to recurrent stress in men // Biol. Psychol 94 (2), 450-455.
14. Pedersen S. S., Kupper N., Denollet J. 2011a. Psychological impact and heart disease // The ESC Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine Second Edition. Ed. by Camm A. J., Lüscher T. F., Serruys P. W. Trans. from English ed. by Shljahto E. V. M: GJeOTAR-Media, 1332-1352.
15. Pedersen S. S., Kupper N., Denollet J. 2011b. Psihologicheskie faktory i zabolevaniya serdca // Kemma A. Dzh., Lyushera T. F., Serruisa P. V. (red.). Bolezni serdca i sosudov. Rukovodstvo Evropeyskogo obschestva kardiologov. Shlyahto E. V. (per. s angl.). M: GEOTAR-Media, 1332-52.
16. Svansdottir E., Denollet J., Thorsson B. et al. 2013 Association of type D personality with unhealthy lifestyle, and estimated risk of coronary events in the general Icelandic population // Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol 20 (2), 322-30.
