The article examines major achievements of social and cultural anthropology in the history of the cities of Khanty-Mansiyk Autonomous Area - Yugra in the period of oil and gas development in Western Siberia. The author briefly characterizes the current state of the anthropology of cities as a new trend in humanities and social science and indicates that modern urban studies in Russia are conceptually and methodologically supported by the anthropological approach to the problems of urban development. However, the existing studies are clearly insufficient to characterize both historical and contemporary socio-cultural urbanization patterns in Russia and its regions. Hence, the present study of anthropology in the cities of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Area - Yugra in the context of oil and gas development in Western Siberia is ever more relevant. Our analysis shows that during the soviet times the works by V. Trushkov and G. Kutsev had a paramount importance for the anthropology studies of oil and gas cities. Changes in the ideological environment of post-soviet science made sociologists actively explore social and cultural environment and lifestyle in the oil and gas cities of Western Siberia. The sociologists concluded that, despite various controversies surrounding single-industry settlements, oil and gas cities had a developed urban culture and community. Works by M.G. Ganopolsky take a special place among social and cultural anthropological studies. Historical science was rather slow in understanding the importance of the anthropological approach to the problems of oil and gas development in Tyumen region. In the 2000s, local historians developed interest in studying social and cultural problems of oil and gas regions. In this respect, the conference «Man in the conditions of intensive oil and gas development of the North» held in Tyumen in 2010 became a rather crucial event for historical research of the West Siberian oil and gas industry. The event marked the changes of interests among the researches who turned from social and economic history to anthropological studies. However, historical anthropology and anthropology of the city shave not yet become a priority methodological approach in the social and humanitarian researches of oil and gas development in KhMAO - Yugra. Historians make studies of the everyday life, household and culture development. However, these studies are supplementary to the research of material, technical, social, industrial and human resource development in oil and gas regions of Western Siberia, but not independent objects of study.
antropologiya goroda, sociokul'turnaya antropologiya, neftegazovoe osvoenie Zapadnoy Sibiri, identichnost', urbanizaciya
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