The paper considers the perspectives of using psychological profiling as a new and controversial trend of the psychological support of professional law enforcement. The study shows that many researchers of the subject doubt the effectiveness of this method due to the lack of theoretical and methodological foundations of psychological profiling as a method in general and specific procedures of developing a psychological profile of a criminal in particular. The authors have distinguished and analyzed the major problems associated with this method, including little information content in terms of practical criminal investigations, uncertainty of content and functional load of basic concepts such as model , portrait and profile of a criminal, and lack of clear goals and objectives for profilers. In particular, this results in attempts to reject psychological profiling and use criminal profiling instead. The paper provides a critical analysis of such approaches. The authors have previously suggested a distinction between the concepts of model , portrait and profile of an offender in terms of their content and functional load. A model of an individual should be dynamic in nature, allowing the authors to approach the analysis of specific behavioral features included in the model. The paper uses a psychological assessment scheme previously proposed by the authors. In accordance with this scheme, experts are able to analyze the personality of a serial sexual offender with a pathological sexual development similar to the clinical-psychological model developed by A.O. Bukhanovsky and called Chikatilo phenomenon . This work is aimed at analyzing and providing theoretical justification for one of previously identified possible behavioral features of a serial sexual criminal, namely, the type of victims. The criminal experts can use this feature as a criterion for developing a psychological profile of sex offenders. The authors show that in this case one should take into account the choice dynamics during the pathological sexual development of a serial sex offender.
psihologicheskoe profilirovanie (profayling), seriynyy seksual'nyy prestupnik, zhertva prestupleniya
1. Ahmedshin R.L. Kriminalisticheskaya harakteristika lichnosti prestupnika: Avtoref. dis.. d-ra yurid. nauk. Tomsk, 2006.
2. Bartol K. Psihologiya kriminal'nogo povedeniya. SPb., 2004.
3. Burvikov N.V. Kriminalisticheskiy (psihologicheskiy) portret kak model' lichnosti neustanovlennogo prestupnika. URL: http://law.edu.ru/doc/document.asp?docID=1250755.
4. Buhanovskiy A.O. Fenomen Chikatilo // Seriynye ubiystva i social'naya agressiya: Tez. dokl. konf. (20-22 sentyabrya 1994 g., Rostov-na-Donu). Rostov n/D; M., 1994.
5. Buhanovskiy A.O., Mihaylova O.Yu. Mehanizmy formirovaniya patologicheskoy funkcional'noy sistemy («fenomen Chikatilo») // Psihologicheskiy vestnik RGU. Rostov n/D, 1996. Vyp. 1. Ch. 1.
6. Zinin A.M. Problemy kriminalisticheskogo ustanovleniya lichnosti // Vestnik kriminalistiki / Otv. red. A.G.Filippov. M., 2003. Vyp. 4 (8).
7. Mihaylova O.Yu. Psihologicheskaya diagnostika lichnosti seriynyh seksual'nyh prestupnikov / Pod red. A.O.Buhanovskogo. Rostov n/D, 2001.
8. Mihaylova O.Yu. Psihologicheskaya ocenka sformirovannosti patologicheskoy funkcional'noy sistemy u seriynyh prestupnikov // Psihologicheskiy vestnik. Rostov n/D, 1998.
9. Mihaylova O.Yu., Celikovskiy S.B. Sudebno-psihologicheskaya ekspertiza lichnosti seriynyh seksual'nyh prestupnikov. M., 2008.
10. Obrazcov V.A., Bogomolova N.N. Kriminalisticheskaya psihologiya. M., 2002.
11. Celikovskiy S.B. O traktovke ponyatiy «model'», «portret», «profil'» lichnosti prestupnika // Aktual'noe sostoyanie i perspektivy razvitiya sudebnoy psihologii v Rossiyskoy Federacii: Mat-ly Vseros. konf. Kaluga, 2010.
12. Celikovskiy S.B. Psihologicheskie poznaniya i rassledovanie prestupleniy // Vestn. Nizhnevart. gos. un-ta. 2012. № 2.
13. Alleyne R. Real-life Crackers are 'worthless' at catching serial killers and hamper investigations. URL: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/7902778/Real-life-Crackers-are-worthless-at-catching-serial-killers-and-hamper-investigations.html.
