This work is a devoted to a comprehensive assessment of the different anthropogenic impact in the course of oil production in a variety of ecosystems of the Middle Ob region, which has not previously been evaluated. Therefore it is planned to hold systematic studies using different analytical methods to assess various components of ecosystems. The researchers plan to hold a geobotany and resource analysis of integral ecosystems (geobotanic description in areas subject to anthropogenic factors and assessment of changes in the contribution of different plant species in the overall productivity of ecological community); a soil analysis (analysis of the soil transformation under the impact and analysis of the accumulation and redistribution of pollution elements in sediments and soil horizons in the ecosystems of the Middle Ob). The landscape-geographical and hydrological analysis joined with the resource-geobotanical and soil analysis will allow the researchers to determine the similarities and differences in the mechanisms of distribution and natural utilization of various contaminants. The landscape-geographical analysis will highlight the natural alternatives for utilizing the pollutants and, ultimately, allow creating a typology of different ecosystems under anthropogenic stress. A whole plant will be studied for the variability of the productivity parameters of the major biogeocenosis (ecosystems) plant species subject to the anthropogenic stress (morphological analysis of development of plants belonging to the major types of plant communities, accumulation and distribution of biomass in plants under anthropogenic stress; variability of biological productivity in parts of plants; ratio of the autonomic and reproductive parts (reproductive effort); other morphological indices used in the environmental testing). In terms of the physiological and biochemical level, the researchers will hold a physiological and biochemical assessment of the pollutant impact on the vital functions of plants, an evaluation of ecological and physiological parameters of plants in the absence of anthropogenic stress; an assessment of accumulation and distribution of pollutants in plant organs; an assessment of the probability of pollutant accumulation in economically valuable parts of plants (berries, nuts, other parts of plants). In terms of the system-analytical level, it is planned to develop alternative functioning models of different ecosystems and their basic elements subject to anthropogenic pollution; to build a network of pollutant distribution schemes; to develop various percolation models of the conditions for critical levels of pollutants in ecosystems; to develop the technologies for determining critical points for transforming the percolation processes and preventing critical environmental situations. Based on the study, the researchers will be hold a comparative analysis of the parameters characterizing adaptive and destructive changes in ecosystems (biogeocenoses) and plants in order to make a differential assessment of the most vulnerable and stable elements of different ecosystems in the Middle Ob region. On the basis of ecological and socio-economic criteria, the researchers will put forward a scheme to stimulate and optimize the self-recovery of ecosystems under anthropogenic stress in the Middle Ob region.
ustoychivost' ekosistem, samovosstanovlenie, transformaciya zagryazniteley, antropogennyy stress, migraciya elementov
1. Arestova I.Yu., Opekunova M.G., Opekunov A.Yu., Kukushkin S.Yu. Ekologo-geohimicheskaya ocenka sostoyaniya prirodnoy sredy v rayonah neftedobychi // Geohimiya biosfery. M.; Smolensk, 2006.
2. Vodyanickiy Yu.N., Avetov N.A., Savichev A.T., Trofimov S.Ya., Shishkonakova E.A. Soderzhanie himicheskih elementov v torfyanyh pochvah, zasolennyh burovymi stochnymi vodami na uchastke dobychi nefti v Srednem Priob'e // Agrohimiya. 2013. № 1.
3. Volegova E.A., Shepeleva L.F. Ekologo-morfologicheskaya klassifikaciya rastitel'nosti dolinnogo kompleksa Obi (Srednee Priob'e) // Vestn. Tyumenskogo gos. un-ta. 2012. № 6.
4. Ivanov V.B., Muhametdinova E.A., Korolik V.S. Raspredelenie zagryazneniya tyazhelymi metallami v snezhnom pokrove g. Nizhnevartovsk // Vestn. Tyumenskogo gos. un-ta. 2010. № 3.
5. Ivanova N.A., Yumagulova E.R. Biohimicheskie osobennosti rasteniy oligotrofnyh bolot v usloviyah Srednego Priob'ya // Estestvennye nauki. 2012. № 4.
6. Kazanceva M.N. Vliyanie neftedobychi na zhivoy napochvennyy pokrov taezhnyh lesov Zapadnoy Sibiri // Sibirskiy ekologicheskiy zhurnal. 2011. T. 18. № 6.
7. Kazanceva M.N., Gashev S.N., Kazancev A.P. Vliyanie neftedobychi na sostoyanie i produktivnost' zhivogo napochvennogo pokrova i Oxycoccus palustris Pers. verhovyh bolot Srednego Priob'ya // Rastitel'nye resursy. 2002. T. 38. № 1.
8. Kozlov S.A., Avetov N.A. Vozdeystvie shlamovyh ambarov na vidovoy sostav i strukturu rastitel'nyh soobschestv verhovyh bolot Srednego Priob'ya // Sibirskiy ekologicheskiy zhurnal. 2014. T. 21. № 3.
9. Moskvina I.L., Ovechkina E.S., Ovechkin F.Yu. Izmenenie nekotoryh morfologicheskih parametrov sosny obyknovennoy v zone vliyaniya fakelov szhiganiya poputnogo neftyanogo gaza Srednego Priob'ya // Problemy regional'noy ekologii. 2006. № 3.
10. Ovechkina E.S., Shayahmetova R.I. Morfologicheskie izmeneniya sosny obyknovennoy na territorii Nizhnevartovskogo rayona // Vestn. Nizhnevart. gos. un-ta. 2013. № 3.
11. Petrenko E., Muratova E. Meredian nauchnogo sotrudnichestva // Nauka v Sibiri. 1998. № 3-4 (2139-2140).
12. Sartakov M.P. Adsorbcionnaya sposobnost' guminovyh kislot torfov Srednego Priob'ya // Vestn. Altayskogo gos. agrarnogo un-ta. 2011. № 4 (78).
13. Titov Yu.V., Ovechkina E.S. Rastitel'nost' poymy reki Vah. Nizhnevartovsk, 2000.
14. Usmanov I.Yu., Rahmankulova Z.F., Kulagin A.Yu. Ekologicheskaya fiziologiya rasteniy. M., 2001.
15. Scherbakov A.V., Usmanov I.Yu., Nuriev I.F. Biohimiya vtorichnogo metabolizma. Ufa, 2001.
16. Biester H., Keppler F. Halogen retention, organohalogenes, and the role of organic matter decomposition on halogen enrichment in two Chilean peat bogs // Environ. Sci. Technol. 2004. V. 37.
17. Chmielewski F.-M., Rötzer T. Response of tree phenology to climate change across Europe // Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 2001. V. 108.
18. Crommentuijn T., Polder M.D., Van de Plassche E.J. Maximum permissible concentrations and negligible concentrations for metals, taking background concentrations into account // RIVM Report 601501001. Bilthoven, 1997.
19. Kabata-Pendias A. Trace elements in soils and plants. 4th ed. Boca Raton, FL, 2010. R. 331.
20. Rakhmankulova Z.F., Ramazanova G.A., Usmanov I.Yu. Growth and respiration in plants rom various adaptation groups as affected by mineral nutrient deficiency // Russian Journal of Plant Physiology. 2001. T. 48. № 1.
21. Savichev A.T., Vodyanitskii Yu.N. Determination of barium, lanthanum and cerium contents in soils by the X-Ray radiometric method // Euras. Soil Sci. 2009. V. 42. № 13.
