TOTAL SALT CONTENT AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WATER AS IMPORTANT FACTORS FOR THE STUDY OF ECOBIOMORPHES AND ECOLOGICAL NICHES OF HYDROMACROPHYTES

Boris Sviridenko

doi:10.36906/2311-4444/25-4/03

UDC

58.04

TOTAL SALT CONTENT AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WATER AS IMPORTANT FACTORS FOR THE STUDY OF ECOBIOMORPHES AND ECOLOGICAL NICHES OF HYDROMACROPHYTES

Published in Bulletin of Nizhnevartovsk State University · Pages 29–42 · Rubric: Plant Ecology

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36906/2311-4444/25-4/03

Received: 17.10.2025 Accepted: 08.12.2025 Published: 25.12.2025

Authors

Boris Sviridenko

ORCID

Boris Sviridenko

Academic degree: doctor of sciences in biology

Omsk State Pedagogical University Russian Federation · Omsk

ORCID

ABSTRACT

The aim of the work is to substantiate approaches to the differentiation of ecobiomorphes of hydromacrophytes based on quantitative data on halotolerance. The study of ecobiomorphes and ecological niches of hydromacrophytes is an important problem of hydrobotany. Most of the existing systems of the life-forms of aquatic macrophytes do not contain any quantitative information on the relation of these plants to the abiotic factors of the aquatic environment. Total salt content along with total hardness and pH of water are important factors strongly affecting the aquatic plants. Quantitative ranges of these factors revealed upon laboratory tests of water samples from natural ecotopes along with their biological-morphological parameters form the basis for the differentiation of the ecobiomorphes and the ecological niches of each species. It was demonstrated that in continental water bodies, quantitative information on salt content and composition of water can only be obtained based on laboratory tests. Based on studies conducted in 19842023, quantitative ranges for water salt content for 247 species of hydromacrophytes in the West Siberian Plain were obtained. In the aquatic marcophyte flora of this region, 2 floristic systems were identified: a freshwater one and a saltwater one. The natural ecological threshold between these systems is the salt content range of 8-25 g/dm3, which is called critical salt content in hydrobiology. Species of a freshwater system limited within a salt content of up to 0.2 g/dm3 are called ultrafreshwater, up to 1 g/dm3 typical freshwater, up to 3 g/dm3 conditionally freshwater, up to 5 g/dm3 slightly saltish freshwater, up to 8 g/dm3 middle-saltish freshwater, up to 25 g/dm3 strongly saltish freshwater. Species living in a salt content range between 8 to 80 g/dm3 form a saltwater system. These grades are used to identify ecobiomorphes of hydromacrophytes in combination with other ecological parameters (concentration of main ions and soluble forms of certain metals, total hardness and pH of water). These borders divide the ecological niches of the species making it possible to predict potential composition of hydrophyte conenoses based on the information on water salt content and composition in specific water bodies.

KEYWORDS

surface waters; main ions; macroscopic hydrophytes; halotolerance; ecological niches.

1. Aladin N.V. O smeschenii bar'era kriticheskoy solenosti v Kaspiyskom i Aral'skom moryah na primere zhabronogih i rakushkovyh rakoobraznyh // Zoologicheskiy zhurnal. 1983. T. 62, vyp. 5. S. 689-694.

2. Alekin O.A. Osnovy gidrohimii. L.: Gidrometeoizdat, 1970. 444 s.

3. Alekin A.O., Semenov A.D., Skopincev B.A. Rukovodstvo po himicheskomu analizu vod sushi. L.: Gidrometeoizdat, 1973. 268 s.

4. Bogdanovskaya-Gienef I.D. Vodnaya rastitel'nost' SSSR // Botanicheskiy zhurnal. 1974. T. 59. № 12. S. 1728-1733.

5. Valyashko M.G. Zakonomernosti formirovaniya mestorozhdeniy soley. M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1962. 400 s.

6. Voda. Metody opredeleniya schelochnosti i massovoy koncentracii karbonatov i gidrokarbonatov // GOST R 52963-2008. Federal'noe agentstvo po tehnicheskomu regulirovaniyu i metrologii. M.: Standartinform, 2009. S. 362-392.

7. GOST R 52963-2008 (ISO 9963-1:1994, ISO 9963-2:1994). Voda. Metody opredeleniya schelochnosti i massovoy koncentracii karbonatov i gidrokarbonatov // Nacional'nyy standart Rossiyskoy Federacii. M.: Standartinform, 2009. S. 362-392.

8. GOST 4245-72. Voda pit'evaya. Metody opredeleniya soderzhaniya hloridov // Mezhgosudarstvennyy standart. M.: Nacional'nye standarty, 2007. S. 487-492.

9. Dobrohotova K.V., Roldugin I.I., Dobrohotova O.V. Vodnye rasteniya. Alma-Ata: Kaynar, 1982. 191 s.

10. Zori A.A., Korenev V.D., Markovskiy Yu.E. Ekspress-metod opredeleniya obschey mineralizacii pit'evoy vody // Naukovі pracі Donec'kogo nacіonal'nogo tehnіchnogo unіversitetu. Serіya: obchislyuval'na tehnіka ta avtomatizacіya. Vip. 107. Donec'k, 2006. S. 135-142.

11. Ioganzen B.G. Ekologiya // Ekologiya, biogeocenologiya i ohrana prirody. Tomsk: Izd-vo TGU, 1979. S. 5-95.

12. Karpevich A.F. Teoriya i praktika akklimatizacii vodnyh organizmov. M.: Pischevaya promyshlennost', 1975. 432 s.

13. Katanskaya V.M. Vodnaya rastitel'nost' ozer ravninnogo Kazahstana v svyazi s vnutrivekovoy izmenchivost'yu ih sostoyaniya // Ozera Kazahstana i Kirgizii i ih istoriya. L.: Nauka, 1975. S. 216-228.

14. Katanskaya V.M. Rastitel'nost' vodohranilisch-ohladiteley teplovyh elektrostanciy Sovetskogo Soyuza. L.: Nauka, 1979. 279 s.

15. Katanskaya V.M. Vysshaya vodnaya rastitel'nost' kontinental'nyh vodoemov SSSR. L.: Nauka, 1981. 187 c.

16. Katanskaya V.M., Raspopov I.M. Metody izucheniya vysshey vodnoy rastitel'nosti // Rukovodstvo po metodam gidrobiologicheskogo analiza vod i donnyh otlozheniy. L.: Nauka,1983. S. 129-218.https://doi.org/10.36906/2311-4444/25-4/03 Sviridenko B.F.

17. Kipriyanova L.M., Dolmatova L.A., Bazarova B.B., Naydanov B.B., Romanov R.E., Cybekmitova G.C., D'yachenko A.V. K ekologii predstaviteley roda Stuckenia (Potamogetonaceae) v ozerah Zabaykal'skogo kraya i Respubliki Buryatiya // Biologiya vnutrennih vod. 2017. № 1. S. 74-83.

18. Kul'tiasov I.M. Ekologiya rasteniy. M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1982. 384 s.

19. Lavrenko E.M., Sveshnikova V.M. O sinteticheskom izuchenii zhiznennyh form na primere stepnyh dernovinnyh zlakov. Predvaritel'noe soobschenie // Zhurnal obschey biologii. 1965. T. 26. № 3. C. 261-275.

20. Metodika vypolneniya izmereniy massovoy koncentracii kationov ammoniya, kaliya, natriya, magniya, kal'ciya i stronciya v probah pit'evoy, mineral'noy, stolovoy, lechebno-stolovoy, prirodnoy i stochnoy vody metodom ionnoy hromatografii. FR.1.31.2005.01738 // Sbornik metodik vypolneniya izmereniy. M.: ZAO Akvilon, 2012. 539 s.

21. Nikanorov A.M. Gidrohimiya: uchebnik. SPb.: Gidrometeoizdat, 2001. 444 s.

22. Odum Yu. Osnovy ekologii. M.: Mir, 1975. 740 s.

23. Polyakov P.P. K biologii vodnyh rasteniy stepnogo Kazahstana // Botanicheskiy zhurnal. 1952. T. 2. №. 5. S. 678-682.

24. Reymers N.F., Yablokov A.V. Slovar' terminov i ponyatiy, svyazannyh s ohranoy zhivoy prirody. M.: Nauka, 1982. 144 s.

25. Rukovodstvo po himicheskomu analizu poverhnostnyh vod sushi / Pod red. doktora himicheskih nauk professora A.D. Semenova. L.: Gidrometeoizdat, 1970. 542 s.

26. Sbornik metodik vypolneniya izmereniy. M.: Akvilon, 2012. 539 s.

27. Sviridenko B.F. Zhiznennye formy cvetkovyh gidrofitov Severnogo Kazahstana // Botanicheskiy zhurnal, 1991. T.76. № 5. S. 687-698.

28. Sviridenko B.F., Sviridenko T.V. Colevynoslivost' vodnyh makrofitov Severnogo Kazahstana. Alma-Ata, 1986. Dep. v KazNIINTI 17.02.86. № 1186a. 25 c.

29. Sviridenko B.F. Flora i rastitel'nost' vodoemov Severnogo Kazahstana. Omsk: Izd-vo OmGPU, 2000. 196 s.

30. Sviridenko B.F., Mamontov Yu.S., Sviridenko T.V. Ispol'zovanie gidromakrofitov v kompleksnoy ocenke ekologicheskogo sostoyaniya vodnyh ob'ektov Zapadno-Sibirskoy ravniny. Omsk: Amfora, 2011. 231 s.

31. Sviridenko B.F., Murashko Yu.A., Sviridenko T.V., Efremov A.N. Tolerantnost' gidromakrofitov k aktivnoy reakcii, mineralizacii i zhestkosti vody v prirodnyh i tehnogennyh vodnyh ob'ektah Zapadno-Sibirskoy ravniny // Vestnik NVGU. Ekologiya. 2016. № 2. S. 8-17.

32. Sviridenko B.F., Murashko Yu.A., Sviridenko T.V., Efremov A.N. Soderzhanie neftyanyh uglevodorodov v ekotopah gidromakrofitov Zapadno-Sibirskoy ravniny (Tyumenskaya i Omskaya oblasti) // Zaschita okruzhayuschey sredy v neftegazovom komplekse. 2017. № 1. S. 25-30.

33. Sviridenko B.F., Murashko Yu.A., Sviridenko T.V., Efremov A.N., Tokar' O.E. Soderzhanie tyazhelyh metallov v ekotopah gidromakrofitov Zapadno-Sibirskoy ravniny // Vestnik SurGU. Biologicheskie nauki. 2017. № 4. S. 81-96.

34. Sviridenko T.V., Sviridenko B.F. Harovye vodorosli (Charophyta) Zapadno-Sibirskoy ravniny. Omsk: Amfora, 2016. 247 s.

35. Serebryakov I.G. Ekologicheskaya morfologiya rasteniy. M.: Vysshaya shkola, 1962. 379 s.

36. Unificirovannye metody analiza vod SSSR. L.: Gidrometeoizdat, 1978. 145 s.

37. Fedorov V.D., Gil'manov T.G. Ekologiya. M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1980. 464 s.

38. Forsh T.B. Gidrohimicheskaya harakteristika ozer Severnogo Kazahstana v svyazi s usloviyami ih suschestvovaniya // Ozera poluaridnoy zony. M.; L.: Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1963. S. 75-117.

39. Forsh T.B. Vnutrivekovye izmeneniya obschey mineralizacii i ionnogo sostava vod ozer semiaridnoy zony // Ozera semiaridnoy zony SSSR. L.: Nauka, 1969. S. 20-35.

40. Forsh T.B. Gidrohimicheskaya harakteristika ozer simiaridnyh oblastey SSSR // Ozera semiaridnoy zony SSSR. L.: Nauka, 1969. S. 36-48.

41. Hlebovich V.V. Kriticheskaya solenost' biologicheskih processov. L.: Nauka, 1974. 236 s.

42. Shennikov A.P. Ekologiya rasteniy. M.: Sovetskaya nauka, 1950. 375 c.

43. Shishkina L.A. Gidrohimiya. L.: Gidrometeoizdat, 1974. 288 s.

44. Yakushkina N.I., Bahtenko E.Yu. Fiziologiya rasteniy: uchebnik dlya vuzov. M.: Gumanitarnyy izdatel'skiy centr VLADOS, 2005. 463 s.

This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

JATS XML

This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Creative Commons

GOST

Sviridenko B. F. TOTAL SALT CONTENT AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WATER AS IMPORTANT FACTORS FOR THE STUDY OF ECOBIOMORPHES AND ECOLOGICAL NICHES OF HYDROMACROPHYTES // . 2025. pp. 29-42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36906/2311-4444/25-4/03. (Date of access 19.08.2026).

MLA

Boris Sviridenko. "TOTAL SALT CONTENT AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WATER AS IMPORTANT FACTORS FOR THE STUDY OF ECOBIOMORPHES AND ECOLOGICAL NICHES OF HYDROMACROPHYTES." (2025): 29-42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36906/2311-4444/25-4/03.

APA

Sviridenko B. F. (2025). TOTAL SALT CONTENT AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WATER AS IMPORTANT FACTORS FOR THE STUDY OF ECOBIOMORPHES AND ECOLOGICAL NICHES OF HYDROMACROPHYTES. , 29-42. https://doi.org/10.36906/2311-4444/25-4/03

Chicago

Boris Sviridenko. "TOTAL SALT CONTENT AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WATER AS IMPORTANT FACTORS FOR THE STUDY OF ECOBIOMORPHES AND ECOLOGICAL NICHES OF HYDROMACROPHYTES." , no. (2025): 29-42. https://doi.org/10.36906/2311-4444/25-4/03.

WIKI

{{cite journal | author = Sviridenko B. F. | title = TOTAL SALT CONTENT AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WATER AS IMPORTANT FACTORS FOR THE STUDY OF ECOBIOMORPHES AND ECOLOGICAL NICHES OF HYDROMACROPHYTES | journal = | year = 2025 | pages = 29-42 | doi = 10.36906/2311-4444/25-4/03 }}

Copy

Export: BibTeX EndNote RefMan RusMARC

TOTAL SALT CONTENT AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WATER AS IMPORTANT FACTORS FOR THE STUDY OF ECOBIOMORPHES AND ECOLOGICAL NICHES OF HYDROMACROPHYTES

Confirmation