In this article the material from all four residential buildings investigated by Nikolaenko A. G., 1973, 1976 at the settlement Yutanovka-2 of Saltovo-Mayatskaya culture of VIII-X centuries is represented. The Settlement of Alan forest-steppe variant of the Saltovo-Mayatskaya culture is located on the territory of the village YutanovkaVolokonovka district Belgorod region, on the right Bank of the river Oskol. Buildings 1, 2 and 4 were half preserved, the construction of the 3 building was investigated fully. Inside there is a fireplace as a heating device and as a device for cooking, which makes the construction residential. The main heating appliance is presented almost in the center as an open hearth. In buildings 1 and 2, the hearth is arranged in the circular recess, but in combination with angular-depth hearth. At construction 3 - hearth is in the shape of the recesses rounded pits with different depths. In the building 4 hearth is outdoor, fence without or special grooves, but in combination with near-wall not depth hearth may be enclosed by few stones or in combination with a stove-heater. The Central hearth in the homes of 1 and 2 were supplemented by a corner device, and in the housing 4 it was supplemented by wall device, which served as additional sources of heat. It is possible that on the location of the corner (wall) hearth as an additional source of heating, hot ash and charcoal were strode down. These hearths, especially the corner hearths, could be the privileged place for some time the hot ash was put, as the object of reverence and worship. From ethnographic materials it is known that the peoples of the North Caucasus considered hearth, natochina circuit, the boiler, ash and coal from the hearth a family Shrine, from which depended the prosperity and abundance in the house. In the traditional home of the North Caucasus, the middle hearth was never arranged strictly in the center of the room and opposite the entrance, but it was always some way that the wind from the open door didn't blow the fire and to increase the area of the economic half of the home. The hearth divided the living area into two functionally different parts: from the entrance before the fire - front, the economic and the second, behind the hearth, warm and secluded, which was considered honorable. In the past Ossetians believed that God, the guardian of the hearth, lived in the right inside corner, i.e. the most remote from the entrance of the home. Central and wall hearths were held in the homes of the Mayatskoye citadel and rarely in the Mayatskoye settlement. At the settlement Yutanovka-1, Demetrius complex, at the settlement VerkhniySaltov residential buildings with a combination of nodal (wall) hearths were not revealed. Material that gives us some knowledge about the residential buildings of the settlement were not introduced into scientific circulation, although they represent the interest as the only currently archaeological sites of residential character, studied at the settlement Yutanovka-2.
saltovo-mayackaya kul'tura, alany, poselenie, zhilische, ochag
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