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Bulletin of Nizhnevartovsk State University
Journals / Bulletin of Nizhnevartovsk State University / Issue 1 / Potential of atmosphere pollution in the East-Ural radioactive contamination zone
UDC 551.582

POTENTIAL OF ATMOSPHERE POLLUTION IN THE EAST-URAL RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION ZONE Potential of atmosphere pollution in the East-Ural radioactive contamination zone

Published in Bulletin of Nizhnevartovsk State University · Issue 1 · Pages 68–78 · Rubric: Articles
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36906/2311-1402-2015-68-78
Received: 06.03.2015 Accepted: 15.03.2015 Published: 25.03.2015 Language of publication: RUS
Authors
A
A F Teterin
Y
Y I Markelov
I
I P Aleksandrychev
ABSTRACT
The East-Ural radioactive contamination zone was generated due to two radiation incidents and one accident at Mayak Production Association. The radioactive polluted territory is located in northern part of Chelyabinsk and Kurgan regions, in southern and southeast part of Sverdlovsk region. The researchers have used physical and statistical method developed in the Main geophysical observatory named after A.I.Voejkov to determine the existential spaiotemporal variability of the meteorological conditions promoting pollution of surface atmosphere. According to this method, the complex characteristic showing the influence of meteorological conditions on the level of surface air pollution is considered to be the potential of atmosphere pollution. To calculate the potential of atmosphere pollution, the authors have used the data on frequency of near-surface air temperature inversions, weak winds, air stagnation and fogs during 1980-1991 registered at eight meteorological stations located in territory of the Urals Department of Hydrometeorology and Environment Monitoring. The meteorological stations are located evenly in the East-Ural radioactive contamination zone and are representative for various districts of the investigated region. The average annual values of atmosphere pollution potential vary from 2.52 (meteorological station in Argayash) and 2.62 (meteorological station in Shatrovo) to 3.22 (meteorological station in Brodokalmak) and 3.12 (meteorological station in Verkhnij Ufaley), i.e. from a zone of middle atmosphere pollution potentials to a zone of high atmosphere pollution potentials. As a rule, during a year the monthly values of atmosphere pollution potential in the East-Ural radioactive contamination zone have two maxima and two minima. When values of atmosphere pollution potential are maximal, the most adverse meteorological conditions for surface atmosphere impurity dispersion are formed, while the minimal quantities of atmosphere pollution potential are characteristic for favorable dispersion conditions. The worst conditions of impurity dispersion are observed within the period from December till February, sometimes till March and from June till July. The best conditions for impurity dispersion are characteristic for the central months of transition climatic seasons, i.e. in April and October. The greatest relative variability of annual and monthly values of atmosphere pollution potential is marked in areas of meteorological stations with the highest values of atmosphere pollution potential, i.e. in meteorological stations in Verkhnij Ufaley, Brodokalmak and Kamensk-Uralskiy. It is worth noting that the obtained data on the existential spaciotemporal variability of atmosphere pollution potential in the East-Ural radioactive contamination zone is important for planning and realizing the measures aimed at quality management of air basin in the given region. In case of raised, high and very high values of atmosphere pollution potential it is necessary to reduce the emissions of polluting substance from stationary sources, and also to reduce the intensity of transportation. In case of low and middle values of atmosphere pollution potential, it is possible to increase the emissions from stationary sources to certain limits and also to increase the amount of transport in cities and settlements.
KEYWORDS
zona Vostochno-Ural'skogo radioaktivnogo zagryazneniya, meteorologicheskie usloviya rasseyaniya primesey, potencial zagryazneniya atmosfery, prostranstvenno-vremennaya izmenchivost' potenciala zagryazneniya atmosfery
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