No 3 (2013)

Distinctive features of leaf anatomy of plants growing in saline soils of Northern Kazakhstan, mainly in Kostanay Oblast, were studied. According to Y.V.Gamaley’s classification, plants of different skleromorphic leaf structures prevail in soils with low and medium soil content, whereas high salinity soils are dominated by succulent plants

For the first time the research has been carried out to measure heart rate dynamics and stroke volume of sympathectomized infant rats from 21st till 120 days of age under one stage bilateral stimulation of vagus nerves and obsidian-induced stimulation of vagus nerves. It is revealed that the electrical stimulation of both vagus nerves causes a decrease in the heart rate and stroke volume in sympathectomized rats of all age groups examined. After one stage bilateral stimulation of vagus nerves sympathectomized rats display no heart rate increase at 28 days of age. Moreover, the heart rate reduction of sympathectomized rats under the stimulation of the vagus nerves was minimal as compared to intact animals

The article considers different approaches to the definition of the territorial organization of society, stating that various authors have developed theories of cycles. It provides analysis of the resource cycles and energy producing cycles. The author introduces the concept of market cycles of economy. In such a cycle information is used as the primary resoure instead of natural raw materials or energy. This cycle in the best way characterizes production and non-production processes taking place in a particular area

Historic and geographical factors played a big role in the development of a system of settlements. They are primarily connected to geographical location of every region withing Bashkortostan’s Transurals. It should be noted that towns appeared to become centres of non-agricultural activities, trade and commerce. Therefore the great importance was placed on natural resources and trade routes

The proximate and multivariate correlation analysis between the results of biotesting and tests of water chemical composition is carried out. Survival rate and fertility of Ceriodaphnia аffinis were biotested. The correlation between survival rate, fertility of Ceriodaphnia affinis and water chemical composition is described as both positive and negative.

Severe natural and climatic conditions alongside unfavourable conditions for growing fruit and vegetables cause deficiency in development of agricultural production. Evaluation of crops from personal subsidiary plots display large vegetables and fruit growth rates.

The research concerned the influence of copper ions on the content of pigments in the leaves of Lemna minor , which shall be used for biotesting of the polluted water of the surface impoundments. The studies were carried out in the model experiments. The plant Lemna minor was kept in the solution of copper sulfate having different concentrations. The amount of pigments was determined using the spectrophotometric method. The content of chlorophylls and total number of carotenoids was determined by the Lichtentaler formula. The copper ion has a toxic effect on the Lemna minor plants, which influences the growth and the content of pigments; the photosynthesis processes are suppressed.