No 1 (2023)

This paper discusses the main versions of the origin of Ablavius, the author of the history of the Goths, and puts forward his own hypothesis of correspondence between the writer and the historical figure. It is noted that the question of the personality and nature of the activity of the historian Ablavius is still debatable, since we know about his existence only from quotes in the Getica, a text of Jordanes of the 6th century. A wide range of main versions of its origin, which have been proposed by various researchers since the Renaissance, has been studied. It is indicated that there is no single version of his origin, opinions are expressed that Ablavius could be a historian, geographer, bishop or prefect. Analysis of references to Ablavius in Jordanes made it possible to determine what information could be borrowed from the work of this author. The historical figures with the name Ablavius and the reasons that could prompt them to write a text dedicated to the Goths are considered. A version is proposed that the historian Ablavius and prefect Ablavius could be one and the same person, and an idea is expressed about the nature of his work, such as a short narrative describing the life and history of the Transdanubian barbarians and dedicated, first of all, to the victory of Emperor Constantine over the Goths and Sarmatians.

The aim of the study was to study the peculiarities of the divorce process of women with adulterers both in the central dioceses and on the periphery in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries. The results of the study of the issue as a result of the analysis of cases of divorce by the Tver, Yaroslavl and Tobolsk spiritual consistories are presented. Particular attention is paid to the forms of male adultery that existed at that time and the dependence of the probability of ending the case in divorce on their severity. It was found that it was easiest to obtain permission for a divorce if there were witnesses who had the opportunity to confirm the husband's family relationship with another woman, and moreover, the birth of an illegitimate child with them. The article presents the stages of the divorce process due to male adultery, the main categories of terms for solving such cases. The hypothesis was confirmed that it was more difficult for peasant women than for representatives of other classes to get a divorce from a traitor husband, this was hampered by both low literacy and ignorance of the laws, and fear of consequences from her husband, and over time their literacy increased, and patriarchal views remained in early 20th century Of the cases examined, only in those related to peasant divorces did the spouses agree to reconcile, peasant cases almost never ended in divorce. Differences in motives are also interesting: for peasant women, the primary desire, even a necessity, was to enter into a new marriage in order to find a master, breadwinner and assistant in the house, for other estates, divorce was the motive, since treason was considered an “insult”.

The article considers the possibility of using a periodical printed edition as a source on the history of social security and charity of the Russian Orthodox Church in 1882-1905 using the analysis of publications in the Tobolsk Diocesan Vedomosti as an example. It is noted that the issues of charity and social security were covered in the “Tobolsk Diocesan Gazette” in two planes: the propaedeutic building and information materials about the life and activities of diocesan, parish and corporate charitable organizations. The propaedeutic corps actualized these areas of activity of the diocesan leadership and clergy through sermons, announcements and appeals, was mainly placed in the unofficial part of the publication and was often full of “emotional statements”. Information materials about the life and activities of diocesan, parish and corporate charitable organizations are posted in the official section and have a clear structure. The conclusion is made about the uniqueness of the “Tobolsk Diocesan Gazette” as a source containing a wide range of diverse information on the history of social security and charity of the Russian Orthodox Church of the specified period.

The problem of a person's perception of himself in the world has always been socially significant. Studies of the history of ideas about space are most significant for our vast Russia. The processes of their formation are associated with both ancient and modern times. The objective of the publication is to analyze the mental modeling of space as a kind of corpora in the traditional culture of the indigenous peoples of Yugra. To achieve it, it is necessary to resolve the following tasks: to consider the aspects of mutual evolution of the images of human corporality and the outside world among the Ob-Ugric peoples of Yugra on the basis of a preliminary reconstruction of the causes of the emergence of corporal representations in antiquity. The methodological basis of the study is an interdisciplinary approach using a number of theoretical provisions of anthropology. According to these provisions, in the processes of anthropogenesis our ancestors were able to adapt to the external environment through corporal imitation to representatives of the animal world. In turn, the naive zoomorphism of man was mentally supplemented by the anthropomorphism of the surrounding world.

Ethnographic materials on the traditional culture of the peoples of Yugra testify that the properties of the human body were mentally transferred to the natural world and then to social relations. The transfer was carried out through myths. The obtained results prove the inconsistency and ambiguity of the interaction of corporal images, objects of nature and mythical characters of the Ob-Ugric folklore. We assume that the direction of further research will be related to the consideration of the specifics of the historical and cultural evolution of the images of the social corpora in the humanized space of outlying lands, among which Yugra can be attributed.

The article discusses violations in the food sector during the Great Patriotic War on the example of the Vladimir region. During the Great Patriotic War in connection with the loss in 1941–1942. The Red Army of the vast territories has developed an acute shortage of food, a result of which was the half -starred existence of a significant mass of the population of the rear. For the urban population, the supply system was installed. The main attention is paid to the analysis of deficiencies in food supply, as well as crimes in this area. The access of individuals to a scarce product stacked the basis for various violations in the field of food supply, the main of which was speculation and illegal spending of cards. The analysis of available sources created by the city party committees of the Vladimir region shows that the effectiveness of counteracting violations in the food sector from law enforcement agencies was not effective. On this negative side of their work, they repeatedly paid attention to the meetings and plenums of the city committees of different cities of the region. Cases of food embezzlement were ambiguous in nature, and if fraud with coupons and theft of products by managers and warehouse workers were mainly to cash in on the troubles of fellow citizens, then the theft of products by minors and military were explained by their half -starved existence. The author came to the conclusion that a number of problems that took place in the field of food support were systemic and during the war it was not possible to get rid of them. Despite the formally strict legislation, there were a significant number of cases of criminal crimes in the entire length of the war regarding the plotting of food products.

The article is devoted to the study of the activities of cultural and educational institutions of the Khanty-Mansiysk National Okrug in the 1950s, which is not sufficiently covered in Russian historiography. The relevance of the study is explained by the need to fill this gap based on the analysis of different types of sources. The source base for the study was the materials of the district newspapers "Stalinskaya tribune" and "Leninskaya Pravda", as well as unpublished archival materials introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The work of red tents, red boats, cultural bases, clubs, cinemas, museums, libraries is covered. It is concluded that the areas of activity of cultural and educational institutions in the district were quite diverse, and work with the indigenous population was not limited to education. The factors that negatively influenced the development of cultural and educational activities in the district included the low material and technical base of institutions, the lack of qualified personnel, the remoteness of settlements from each other, and problems with electricity. Cultural institutions had limited resources to organize a full-fledged leisure of the population.

One of the sources of the formation of historical memory are commemorative signs located in the urban landscape. The memorialization of the names of members of the Romanov family causes an ambiguous reaction in the public mind of Russians.

The official procedure for the installation of objects of monumental art on the territory of the city of Tyumen excludes the placement of commemoration signs in the presence of such a reaction from the townspeople. However, at the same time, it gives the initiators the opportunity to install objects in private and closed areas for viewing, which are not subject to the jurisdiction of city authorities. The subject of the study is the problem of commemorative signs dedicated to the family of the former Emperor Nicholas II. At the same time, objects located exclusively within the boundaries of the city of Tyumen are investigated. The purpose of the article is to identify the problems associated with the placement, promotion and preservation of these signs of commemoration. To achieve the goal, the author set the following tasks: to study the history of creation, placement and accessibility for viewing the designated objects. The methodology of the work is based on the principle of objectivity and historicism, a descriptive and comparative research method is also used. Particular attention in the course of the study is paid to determining the role of the initiators of the creation of objects. According to the results of the study, most of the signs were installed without official paperwork. The facilities are located on private or religious organization territory. This circumstance leaves an imprint on their general perception by the viewer. In turn, being in conditions that are limited for viewing, commemoration signs are inaccessible for visiting. The study of the attitude of Tyumen residents to the described objects, as well as the degree of their popularity among the townspeople, requires a separate sociological study.