编号 1 (2021)

The article considers the urgent problem of modern higher pedagogical education related to the formation and development of professional competencies of a future teacher. The purpose of the article is to identify, on the basis of analysis of federal state educational standards of higher education, as well as own pedagogical experience of the professional competencies of a future history teacher, which are necessary to improve the quality of teacher training in the process of educational and extracurricular work at a university. The article presents various interpretations of the concept of “professional competencies of a teacher” presented by both domestic and foreign researchers. Based on the analysis of professional tasks and activities declared in the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Professional Education and Higher Professional Education (2011, 2014, 2016, 2018). Five professional competencies of a history teacher have been identified. They are included in the curricula and working curricula for the disciplines of the subject preparation of the bachelor's degree (profile “History and Social Studies”): “Methods of teaching and upbringing in historical education”, “Use of information and communication technologies in teaching history”, “Game technologies in teaching and upbringing”, "Pedagogical workshops" as additional to the general professional competencies contained in the federal state educational standard of higher education. The formation of professional competencies of future history teachers is carried out as part of the students' academic work, and their development and practical application in the process of extracurricular work. The professional competencies of the teacher are characterized by his level of professional training, his attitude to work, to himself and affect the effectiveness of the implementation of educational and educational work in school.

The article examines the sociocultural value of the family in the minds of military university cadets in the light of changes that have occurred in the marriage and family sphere in modern Russian society. The first part of the article reveals relevance of this problem, content of terminal values, their classification and characteristics of individual groups. The article highlights some trends that occurred in the public consciousness of the late XX – early XXI centuries concerning the values of the marriage and family sphere. To get a deeper insight into the nature of this problem, the authors studied many works, compared the leading scientific approaches of scientists in the study of terminal values. The article examines theoretical ideas about family and marriage relations and the results of empirical research of social and cultural family values in the minds of students in the framework of teaching at the Department for military and political work, Russian Air Force Military Educational and Scientific Center “Air Force Academy “Professor N.E. Zhukovsky and Major Y.A. Gagarin”. The authors provide data from the methods and conduct a detailed qualitative analysis of the level of life-meaning orientations and the most significant terminal values of cadets. The educational impact on cadets in order to form the value of the family in a military University is complex. The content of training programs in the disciplines “Psychology”, “Psychology and Pedagogy”, “Personnel Management in the armed forces of the Russian Federation” is aimed at solving this problem. The article makes an important conclusion that the training of cadets for family life is a significant part of military-political work in a military university, and the adjustment and formation of terminal values of young people in accordance with socially significant values is achievable with a systematic, purposeful psychological and pedagogical process of training cadets for marital and family relationship.

The process of globalization is currently developing. The process of globalization leads to the expansion of interactions between different countries, peoples and their cultures. Scientific cooperation, trade and tourism, cultural exchanges and direct contacts between state institutions, social groups, and social movements contribute to this process. Communication with people of different cultures becomes an important element of ordinary person's life. Higher education institutions are more often involved in intercultural communication and dialogue of cultures, namely, they exchange students, and teachers participate in joint projects and have internships abroad. Intercultural interaction of students is one of the main aspects of successful adaptation in the international academic environment. It allows foreign students to feel much closer to each other and to regulate the adaptation process over a long period. Today we are witnessing the development of elements of cultural identity. Higher education institutions need to determine the most effective forms and methods of working with students. These forms will prepare them for cross-cultural interaction, especially in the context of academic mobility. In the article, the author reveals the features of the dialogue of cultures in relation to intercultural interaction on the example of higher educational institutions. In the article, the difficulties encountered by university students in intercultural interaction were analyzed. The main reasons for communication problems that arise during the preparation of bachelors in non-linguistic fields were identified. An attempt has been made to reveal the problems that students face in the process of intercultural interaction, and to show their dependence on the type of culture. In the process of intercultural interaction, the parties seek to resolve their problems: to preserve their identity, to become part of the culture in which they now exist, etc. The dialogue of cultures in the modern educational environment makes it possible to formulate the patterns of students’ communication in foreign languages. The author draws attention to the fact that preparing students to interact with people of other cultures is an important and necessary stage in the process of their “infusion” into the international academic community.

With the increase in implanting the information and computing technologies into learning during 1990-2020s, it has become obvious that e-learning is going to become both a global tendency and a crucial change in the quality, form and methodology of education. The pandemic of COVID 19 with its massive global shift to distance learning brought to focus the need to revise the strategies and policies in education in general and the critical importance for appropriate digital training for university teachers in particular to boost their readiness, preparedness and ability to adapt to the changing conditions of the educational environment. The study shows that the teacher’s skills to create high-quality basic content for distance learning are crucial for successful teaching online. The plethora of conditions, criteria and factors affecting the quality of educational content for effective online teaching is examined. The article details the stages and principles of designing the basic content of an e-learning course. Using text editors and information visualization tools as examples the authors propose practical recommendations for content development. The study brings to focus some key concepts of e-learning methodology. The authors imply that to create quality content, a teacher needs knowledge and skills in pedagogical design, computing, time management and online communication. The proposed principles for the basic educational content development and criteria suggested have and educators involved in e-courses development, as well as to a wide range of users.

The development of a person's creative self-realization is one of the main guidelines for the modernization of the modern Russian education system. However, an analysis of the content of curricula, programs, the state of the modern practice of teaching students of colleges of culture and arts enrolled in specialties related to musical art, indicates a lack of attention of teachers to the problem of creative self-realization of students. Mastering by students of musical and compositional activity can contribute to their successful mastery of the means of musical expression, finding their own methods of creative self-realization. The author of the article concludes that the process of development of creative self-realization among students of colleges of culture and arts in musical-compositional activity is a gradual transition from self-knowledge and self-assessment by students of their capabilities in the implementation of this activity, – through the formation of their skills and abilities of musical improvisation, composing music, developing motivation for self-development, developing creativity, – for self-assertion of students and self-assessment of the results of musical and compositional activity. The article presents a methodology for the development of creative self-realization of students of colleges of culture and arts in musical and compositional activities, including: forms of education - small-group, individual and practical classes; forms of extracurricular activities - a music room, a music lecture hall, a creative workshop; teaching methods - observation of music, research, brainstorming, author's introspection, associative, portfolio; techniques - explanations of one's own actions, feedback, reflection; methods and techniques of creative work - combination, transformation, sketch work.

Human conditions and ways of their regulation are presented as a significant problem of a specialist included into the system “human-technical device”. Unfavorable human-operator's states in the ergmatic system reduce the specialist's cognitive functions, lead to errors and failures in the systems operation. Possible means and experience in assessing the states of operators of systems of special importance are listed. The task of increasing the reliability of work of ergatic systems by means of self-regulation of states at operators is updated. The research of students', graduates', and specialists' ideas about the states and methods of their regulation is described; deficits of students' and specialists' ideas about the states of operators and their importance in the work of ergmatic systems are revealed. Additional guidelines for professional training of specialists in technical areas and specialties, which are able to ensure the reliability of ergonomic systems' operation by self-regulation of operators' own states, have been identified. The author's concept “information-analytical readiness of operators in conditions of risks and uncertainty” is presented. Information-analytical readiness of operator in the sphere of production is directed to increase the reliability of work of ergmatic system; in the sphere of professional education it becomes one of the priority tasks in pedagogical activity. The content of the Model of an educational institution graduate in technical directions and specialties has been specified. A number of activities of the educational environment for the implementation of the new model have been outlined.

The purpose of the publication is to actualize the problem of the development of emotional regulation in medical college students as future mid-level medical specialists. It is known that the medical profession belongs to professions characterized by significant emotional, physical and mental stress, which can cause professional deformations in specialists, including emotional burnout. Experiencing the influence of emotiogenic factors, negative emotional experiences, the specialist intuitively resorts to the mechanisms of psychological defense, which contributes to the development, on the one hand, of non-constructive strategies of professional behavior towards the patient (rudeness, callousness, indifference); on the other hand, the constant encounter with difficulties, with the experience of negative emotions, with difficult events (illness, suffering, death) reduces the personal emotional resource and leads the specialist to emotional burnout. Personality-oriented and axiological approaches were chosen to study the indicated problem. The study proves that emotional regulation develops in stages, and the first stages are logical to the ontological development of the individual. In the course of the pedagogical experiment, it was proved that the students of the medical college deliberately chose their future profession, demonstrate sufficient educational motivation, while just over a quarter of the students have the optimal level of development of emotional regulation. The conducted research proves the necessity and possibility of pedagogical influence during the period of professional training of future mid-level medical specialists. As a solution to this problem, the author of the publication proposes to develop emotional regulation at the stage of professional education. The development of the value-semantic level of emotional regulation in the process of vocational education is provided by a complex of organizational and pedagogical conditions for the interiorization of professional values and meanings by students of the medical college. Among the conditions tested were the development of reflexive skills, value-semantic mediation, mastering strategies of emotional regulation. The results of the experiment confirmed the legitimacy of the developed theoretical provisions and organizational and pedagogical conditions.

The article presents the results of monitoring of senior medical students, including those with disabilities and / or with disabilities, which included testing and an oral survey aimed at determining their professional readiness. Modern approaches to training specialists for the field of practical health care, their professional mobility within the industry, the development of high-tech medicine, the need of society for a variety of specialists in the field of practical health care and the decline in the prestige and popularity of a number of medical specialties cause the problem of readiness of senior students of medical universities for professional activity. The relevance of this research is due to the following factors: increasing integration of medical education and practical health care, increasing their role in science and society, changing the structure and content of medical education; the existing need to study the process of forming the readiness of senior students of medical universities for professional activity; the need to identify new ways and means of forming the readiness of senior students of medical universities for professional activity.

An inquiry into the modern scientific sources and the global and Russian trends in the development of human life safety issues pointed to the importance of premedical first aid knowledge and skills. This study considered the organization of educational and extracurricular processes of the graduate department of a technical university aimed at the formation of premedical first aid skills in students. It examined the possibilities of the university divisions and the features of how educational, extracurricular, career guidance and other training work is organized in two structural divisions where the teaching staff of the department takes part in the activity under study. The paper offers examples of the author developments in teaching Health and Wellness (all Bachelor majors and training programs) to Bachelor, Master and Specialist students in groups assigned to the graduate department. The types of work that contribute to acquiring the necessary competencies by students of the Institute of Postgraduate Professional Education were analyzed. The paper shows additional possibilities of the graduate department in the organization of extracurricular and vocational guidance activities, aimed at formation of the premedical first aid skills, and gives examples of activities in which the practical component is particularly important. A distinction of all activities in which the teaching staff of the department participates is that they are held consistently, thus contributing to the consolidation of the learning outcome in students of different categories at a technical university.