No 2 (2023)
Pedagogical Sciences
Regional problems of foreign languages education (by the example of the Crimea)
Abstract
The article addresses the problem of foreign language education that is still very important in the country. The problem concerns teaching, learning, and improving foreign languages, from a starter level (development of basic skills such as speaking, reading, writing, listening) to a proficiency one (language-specific skills in translation studies and applied linguistics). The author aims to investigate the issue from different sides. To explode them, the author used data from official web site of the Russia Government, methodological guides, professional forums. The findings showed that laws prescribe the rights and duties of each participant in the educational process and officially all the fine points are considered. In accordance with legislative acts, every Crimean can learn several languages from early childhood. The law takes care to increase the level of teaching: it provides training of highly qualified teachers, guarantees technical assistance, equipment and material support and helps to develop exchange programs. However, there are certain difficulties with the implementation. Main reasons for this include poverty of educational institutions, weak academic mobility of students and teachers, ill-conceived exchange programs, low motivation, moral and material. Thus, in conclusion the author provides some recommendations. First, to work more carefully on the development of mandatory and additional training programs. Second, to become more responsible for issues of professional orientation. Third, to provide better teaching and learning conditions for teachers. Fourth, to expand education exchange programs.
4-16
Leadership in inclusive education: contemporary discourse
Abstract
After the adoption of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the issue of inclusivity occupies an important place on the agenda of educational reforms. The purpose of this policy is to find ways to increase the participation and education of students who belong to socially vulnerable groups and are at risk of exclusion from school and beyond. The scientific relevance of the problem lies in the fact that despite the importance of leadership in inclusive education, there are critically few works devoted to this topic, especially in Russia. The purpose of the study is to review and theoretically analyze scientific publications on the topic of leadership in inclusive education. In the article, the main types of leadership are considered; special attention is paid to the dominant theories of transformational and transactional leadership, leadership research tools in inclusive education. The leadership style significantly influences the views, behavior, communication of teachers, their self-efficacy, and learning strategies. When preparing future leaders of education in master's degree programs, it is necessary to form ideas about the types and importance of management style in school, to form skills of effective communication, motivation, intellectual stimulation. The prospects of the study are to conduct research on the influence of the leadership style of Russia school principals and the attitude of teachers to inclusive education, their teaching strategies.
17-25
The system of personnel training in the field of creating an accessible environment for the disabled and other people with limited mobility
Abstract
The relevance of this article is due to the increased need for the training of highly qualified personnel on the issues of the accessible environment. The purpose of the article is to conduct a study among educational institutions of higher secondary vocational and additional vocational education and to identify the presence in the programs of the presence of components fully or partially devoted to issues of an accessible environment, for a wide range of groups of professions, specialties and areas of training. The authors formulated the main objectives of the study and prepared a range of questions related to the topic of the accessible environment. Based on the results of the study, general conclusions were made and specific areas of work were identified to organize systematic training of personnel on issues of the accessible environment. Moreover, upon completion of a detailed analysis of the survey, proposals are being presented on the development of the state system for training and advanced training of managers and specialists in the field of providing an accessible environment for people with disabilities.
26-33
The foreign language virtual lecture as an instrument of professional-competency formation in foreign-language teacher training institutions
Abstract
Modern information and communication technologies provide many opportunities for the use of authentic foreign-language materials in the educational process in foreign-language teacher training institutions. Of particular interest in this regard are virtual lectures on topics directly related to this professional field. Nevertheless, the problem of using foreign-language virtual lectures in university classes has not been sufficiently covered in the scientific literature, as a result of which this tool is not widely used. This study aims to reveal the potential of using professionally oriented foreign-language virtual lectures to enhance the professional competencies of future foreign-language teachers during their university training. The main focus lies on the listening competency as an inherent part of the foreign-language teacher’s communicative capacities. The potential of using virtual lectures for formation of other competencies is also discussed in the context of an integrative approach. This issue is of particular relevance since the integrative approach becomes more and more popular in the higher education system. The research is based on the author’s examination of the relevant scientific literature and on her analysis of a number of English-language virtual lectures dealing with pedagogy and foreign-language teaching methods. These steps allowed to highlight the main features of virtual lectures as teaching material and to describe various types of classroom tasks designed to accompany them. Moreover, the author presents a brief overview of digital sources where foreign-language virtual lectures are available. She also enumerates the professional competencies that c an be enhanced integratively by the use of foreign-language virtual lectures and the learning tasks associated with them. The results of the study demonstrate that professionally oriented foreign-language virtual lectures have great potential as a tool for the integrated formation of listening and other professional competencies of foreign-language teachers. However, for the educational process to be effective, the teacher also needs to engage in some additional work of a methodological nature. Thus, creating a solid theoretical and methodological ground for the use of virtual lectures in the classroom becomes an urgent problem, which may open up a path towards further research in this area.
34-45
Dynamics of student`s satisfaction level from the medical university by the entity and contect of human anatomy at the faculty
Abstract
The results of a student`s anonymous questionnaire of the Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy relying on the satisfaction level of the teaching anatomy at the department of human anatomy, operative surgery and gross anatomy were conducted for annual self–examination from 2014 to 2022 – as part of the quality management system. It was revealed that the periods of transition to the new state educational standards, as well as the level of the adjustment of students to the requirements of the first year semester, negatively affect the satisfaction with the quality of the educational process. Lectures conducted via computer-based learning resources did not affect the quality of the educational process and the satisfaction of respondents, and was preferred option instead of attending lectures. The remote form of practical training is not acceptable for studying the anatomy at the medical university, because it keeps students away from educational base and extracurricular work, not allowing them interact with the objects of study and the teacher. Thus, the annual monitoring of satisfaction level of the educational process helps to improve the work of the faculty, the material, technical and educational equipment, modernize teaching methods and thereby increase the interest of students in mastering in the anatomy.
46-57
Professional suitability as a psychological prerequisite for improving the effectiveness of military-professional training (retraining) of military personnel
Abstract
The object of this work is to consider the problem of complementarity of the qualification readiness of candidates (applicants) for the future military specialty. Professional psychological selection of military personnel is considered as a psychological prerequisite for increasing the effectiveness of military professional training (retraining), as a way to overcome the discrepancy between the applicant (subject of military professional activity) and the requirements of the MAS. The analysis of dissertation research, scientific literature and regulatory documents made it possible to classify the types of human suitability for military professional activity into groups. The basis for the classification was the characteristics of the psychological qualities and innate personality traits necessary for the development of the military profession, as well as their psychodiagnostic tools. The factors of professional suitability are described in detail, the structural elements necessary for effective functioning in the profession are highlighted, by which it is possible to assess the professional suitability of a person. The composition and composition of the qualification psyche suitability of a person, which determine the profitability of technologies and algorithms (retraining) of applicants for vacancies of contract servicemen in the Russia Armed Forces, have been clarified. The definition of psychiatric suitability has been clarified. The professional suitability of an individual for military specialties is considered from the point of view of two basic tendencies to the knowledge of this phenomenon, the types of readiness of the individual for specialized activities are described. The specific characteristics of military professional training are revealed.
58-68
Professional orientation of students of pedagogical universities: problem statement
Abstract
In the modern educational space of all regions of the Russia Federation, there is, firstly, a shortage of teaching staff, secondly, the short period of work of young teachers at school, and thirdly, a decrease in interest in the teaching profession among applicants. Managers of all levels – from school to federal, scientists, politicians – are thinking about alarming statistics. In search of a solution to this problem, an attempt has been made to scientifically comprehend the phenomenon of professional and pedagogical orientation as a personal quality that determines successful professional activity. The purpose of this publication is to actualize the problem of professional and pedagogical orientation among students of pedagogical universities, namely: clarifying the content of this concept, identifying the main psychological mechanisms, determinants, factors and conditions for the formation and development of this personal quality. The paper also attempts to empirically prove the dynamics of the development of professional and pedagogical orientation among students of the pedagogical University and the search for possible pedagogical conditions and means for managing and purposefully influencing the development of this quality during the period of students' education. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used in the study: content analysis of informational and journalistic materials; qualitative and semantic analysis of essays; testing, questionnaire, survey, conversation. The results obtained confirm the fears of politicians and education managers: not all graduates really plan to devote their lives to the profession of a teacher after graduation. Moreover, the results obtained confirm the dynamic nature of the professional and pedagogical orientation; its determination depends on the variability of the motives of professional choice, the image of the profession, personal experience. The article offers the main pedagogical conditions and means for the development of professional and pedagogical orientation of students, the analysis and development of which can become the tasks of further research.
69-84
Approaches to the definition of the concept «professional orientation of the personality»
Abstract
The article examines the approaches of various authors to the definition of the concepts of “personality orientation” and “professional orientation of personality” in psychological and pedagogical literature. The purpose of this article is to analyze the approaches available in psychological and pedagogical science to define the concept of “personality orientation” in order to identify common grounds and define the concept of “professional personality orientation”. Most scientists consider orientation as one of the most important characteristics of the personality structure and to a greater extent the definition of this concept is associated with such terms as needs, interests, motives, drives, goals, activity, attitude. The term “orientation” in the psychological and pedagogical literature retains uncertainty in its concept and can be interpreted quite broadly. In psychological and pedagogical approaches, the phenomenology of this concept can be based on various grounds: one can take as a basis the subject of orientation, which a person is aimed at in his activity; and, in fact, the object of orientation, which is influenced by his mental properties. The subject of orientation can be the operational sphere of activity: human actions to achieve their goals in accordance with the orientation; professional sphere, aesthetic sphere, humanistic sphere, personal characteristics of character, etc. Various vectors of orientation form a specific system that forms the psychological appearance of a person and directs her activity in the process of life. The classification of different types of personality orientation can be very diverse, as well as approaches to the interpretation of this concept. The component structure of personality orientation is also variable. Generalization of the data obtained allows us to conclude that professional orientation is an integral part of the general orientation of the personality, that its component hierarchical structure confirms the mobility, dynamism and responsiveness of professional orientation to development. The obtained results of the analysis allow us to design pedagogical conditions for the development of professional orientation among students.
85-99
Technologies for forming future engineers’ communicative readiness in the context of professional becoming
Abstract
In the context of the modernization of domestic education and the priority of the possession of professional competencies by specialists, a high level of communication skills in future engineers ensures the readiness of a university graduate to adapt to practical engineering activities in a constantly changing environment. The potential possibilities of the educational process of the university in the formation of professional and communicative competence of future engineers in the field of artificial intelligence technologies are determined. The scientific significance of the work is in the fact that innovative technologies for future engineers’ communicative readiness formation in the framework of professional training are indicated. The subject of the study is the educational process, in which future engineers’ communicative readiness is formed. The theoretical significance of the study is in the fact that the problem of forming future engineers’ communicative readiness in the educational area of higher education is considered in the context of increasing requirements and the need for competitive workers in social practice. Materials and Methods. Data were collected using two means – interviews and questionnaires with two groups: face-to-face (n = 50) as well as online language learning (n = 50). They demonstrate that attitude toward communicative professional readiness concept is an effective theoretical framework for designing technologies to understand the components that affect student’s attitudes and apply them in learning environment. Results. We’ve compared the groups’ results and identified a more positive attitude toward language learning in face-to-face environments than in online language learning means. The empirical methods enable us to evaluate future engineers’ attitude to learning environment. Conclusion. The practical significance of the results of the conducted research is that the results of the research can be useful to educators. Conclusions are given on the implementation of this technique and the main technologies for its realization are presented. Prospects for further research are the issues of using digital tools to organize targeted activities to form the communicative readiness of future engineers.
100-109
Description of the technology for forming students' ethnic identity in the modern context: research results
Abstract
In modern conditions of the development of the information society, there is a tendency to complicate the content and structure of the identity of the individual, which is the result of his free choice. Simple identification with cultural patterns becomes impossible due to the blurring of value orientations, unified, standardized norms and values imposed by mass culture, the media and communications, virtual reality technologies. Children, adolescents and young people have problems identifying themselves as a person in society due to the multiplicity of self-images that can coexist and conflict at the same time. Actualization of the problem of ethnic identity is especially acute for the pedagogical community: along with the need to educate a citizen and a patriot in the implementation of state policy in the field of education, this problem is no less relevant for vocational education that trains teachers. Appeal to the problem of the formation of ethnic identity is connected, first, with the socio-cultural changes taking place in society, the processes of modernization of education. The ethnic identity of a developing personality is determined by a complex interaction of various factors (historical, geographical, religious, and sociocultural). The declared priorities of the state policy in the field of culture and education, national policy, first, aim at the formation of civic identity in a multicultural and multi-confessional society, a component of which is ethnic identity. The purpose of the article is to refine the concept of “ethnic identity” in the context of the study, to describe the technology of forming the ethnic identity of students by means of extracurricular activities, and to present the results of an empirical study. The article discusses the possibilities of extracurricular activities for the formation of ethnic identity, taking into account the regional context at the level of primary general education. An interpretation of the results of the empirical study and conclusions are presented.
110-123
Transdisciplinarity / cross-disciplinarity / multidisciplinarity in language teaching projects for future translators
Abstract
The article discusses the role of transdisciplinary, cross-disciplinary, multidisciplinary approach in translators' training. The paper provides an overview of this cluster of terms, underlining, on the one hand, their problematic ambiguity and, on the other, their conceptual similarity – a better match either between a professional environment and academia or borrowing from (lending to) the knowledge and skills from different disciplines to solve a problem. The paper dwells on the educational potential of transdisciplinary education and the direction it has taken in recent decades. The authors claim the academic translator training can benefit from a suchlike approach. The transdisciplinary / cross-disciplinary project is outlined as the way by which a better practice-oriented and practice-based cumulative knowledge and learning can be formed. Specifically, the paper focuses on some academic translator projects aimed at students' dealing with audiovisual translation of video, infographics and multimedia resources for academic purposes and international events support. The paper illustrates how these projects can be implemented. The authors have stepped up their efforts towards including more transdisciplinary / cross-disciplinary / multidisciplinary projects in their curricula to show how the constructive correlations between educational and professional environment can be built providing more practice-focused knowledge and skills integration for students.
124-132
Rertraction Notice: Conceptual Reflection in Its Main Historical and Philosophical Sequence. 2012; (3); 25-33.
Abstract
The article “Conceptual Reflection in Its Main Historical and Philosophical Sequence” published in the Bulletin of Nizhnevartovsk State University of Humanities (the Bulletin of Nizhnevartovsk State University since 2013) (2012, Vol. 3) by V.I. Krasikov is a duplicate of the article by V.I. Krasikov “Philosophy: Its Mental and Social Nature, Main Historical Sequences” published in the Bulletin of Kemerovo State University (2012, Vol.1). That was the reason for retraction.
133-133